短跑選手與非運動員之聽覺反應時間及事件關連電位比較

The comparison of auditory reaction time and event related potentials between sprinters and nonathletes

潘孝桂

指導教授 ： 陳錦龍

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

本研究目的是比較短跑選手與非運動員的聽覺反應時間，反應時間的參數包括中樞訊息處理速度(前動作時間, PMT)和周邊執行速度(動作時間, MOT)，以及事件關連電位N100、N200及P300延遲時間(latency)。以24位大學男生(12名短跑選手，12名非運動員)，年齡從20歲到24歲，為實驗參加者。刺激頻率聲音是由STIM系統產生分別為500Hz、1000Hz、1500Hz及2000Hz。這些刺激則採隨機出現，目標刺激為2000Hz，當目標刺激出現時，實驗參加者需立刻按鈕反應。並運用EMG和EEG所蒐集到資料，來計算出反應時間、前動作時間、動作時間及N100、N200和P300延遲時間。這些資料指出短跑選手聽覺反應時間快於非運動員，是由於短跑選手有較快中樞訊息處理速度所致。周邊執行時間兩者則無差異。除此之外，在事件關連電位方面短跑選手的N100、N200延遲時間與非運動員無顯著差異。但P300延遲時間短跑選手則是快於非運動員。

關鍵詞：

關鍵字

N100 ； N200 ； P300 ； 反應時間(reaction time) ； 事件關連電位(

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to compare the auditory reaction time (RT) between sprinters and nonathletes. The parameters of RT included the central information processing speed (premotor time, PMT) and the peripheral executing speed (motor time, MOT). Also, the latencies of event related potentials (ERP) including N100,N200 and P300, were compared. Twenty-four male college students, from 20 to 24 years old, with half of them being sprinters and the other half being nonathletes, served as subjects. The stimuli were the sounds of 500Hz, 1000Hz, 1500Hz and 2000Hz frequencies that were produced by STIM system. Those sounds appeared randomly. The target stimulus was 2000Hz and when it appeared the subject should depress the button. The EMG and EEG were employed to collect (or calcuate) RT, PMT, MOT, N100, N200 and P300. The data indicate that the auditory reaction time (RT) for sprinters is faster than that of nonathletes and it is due to the faster center information process speed (PMT) for sprinters. The peripheral executing speed (MOT) is no different between the two groups. In addition, the latencies of N100, N200 and are not different between sprinters and nonathletes. But, the latency of P300 for sprinters is faster than that of nonathletes.

key words：

並列關鍵字

N100 ； N200 ； P300 ； reaction time ； event-related potential, ERP)

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