高中中國藝術歌曲歌樂教學調查研究

游雲惠

指導教授 ： 林進祐

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究之目的旨在瞭解中國藝術歌曲在高中歌樂教學的教學現況，以文獻探討、問卷調查及曲目分析等方法，探討中國藝術歌曲在高中樂教的意義及價值，瞭解高中音樂教師、學生對中國藝術歌曲歌樂教學之看法並針對高中音樂審定本之中國藝術歌曲作曲目分析，期能提供具體建議作為教師教學與教育有關當局參考之用。
本研究除蒐集、整理專家學者對中國藝術歌曲及歌樂教學的文獻資料外；中國藝術歌曲曲目分析，則以民國八十四年高中音樂課程標準所通過之審定本之獨唱曲為分析內容；高中音樂教師、學生的問卷調查部分，則選取中部地區（台中縣、台中市、彰化縣、南投縣）之公私立高級中學（包含綜合高中及完全中學）為研究區域。研究對象為高中音樂教師60位，回收率為85﹪；學生部份以高二學生為研究對象共758位，回收率為92.21﹪。
研究結果之發現，可分為編審教材、音樂教師、教育行政單位等
三方面。在編審教材方面，發現高中音樂審定本的中國藝術歌曲和國中時期的中國藝術歌曲重複比例高；高中歌樂教學中國藝術歌曲大多作為歌曲教材，很少納入作為欣賞教材；教師、學生對目前高中中國藝術歌曲學習意願低落；從高中音樂審定本中可發現，作為歌樂教學的中國藝術歌曲教材有日漸減少趨勢；中國藝術歌曲歌樂教學中，教師最需要作詞、曲者的背景資料；綜合音樂教師、學生問卷調查結果及樂曲分析資料，作歌樂教學曲目整理；在音樂教師方面，發現教師的教育觀、音樂能力及對歌曲的熟悉度、喜好度影響學生的學習意願與成效。在教育行政單位方面，音樂研習缺乏規劃或沒舉辦。
依據以上發現，研究者亦於上述三方面提出建議：在編審教材方面，應多將中國藝術歌曲編入音樂欣賞教材中；應多選擇適合學生演唱程度的中國藝術歌曲；多發掘、選用新創作品；出版社應配合課本歌曲發行CD或VCD，並邀請優秀的個人或團體演唱（同屬高中階段）錄製成效果較佳的有聲教材，以作為教學範唱與欣賞之用。在音樂教師方面，觀念、教學法應不斷求新、求進步；中國藝術歌曲歌樂教學可統整配合其他科目；建立適合自己學校學生的曲目檢核表。在教育行政單位方面，應多舉辦地區或全國性的中國藝術歌曲創作甄選；建立中小學歌曲分級制及背景資料庫；多舉辦校內、外中國藝術歌曲獨唱、合唱比賽或音樂會。

關鍵字

高中 ； 中國藝術歌曲 ； 歌樂教學

並列摘要

The Investigative Research On The Vocal Teaching Of The Chinese Art Songs In Senior High Schools
Abstract
The purpose of this research falls on the understanding of the situations of the Chinese art songs in vocal music teaching and learning in senior high school. With the methods of questionnaire and song analysis, this research tries to make a study of the
significance and values of the Chinese art songs in music education in senior high school and understand viewpoints of senior high teachers and students towards the teaching of Chinese art songs and analyze the authorized Chinese art songs in senior
high school. Thus the author expects to offer teachers and educational officials concrete proposals for their reference.
This research collects and reorganizes documents, concerning Chinese art songs and its teaching, offered by experts and scholars. The analyses of the Chinese art songs are aimed at the substance of the vocals authorized by the curriculums of senior high school in 1995. The questionnaires with which senior high teachers and students were asked were chosen from public or private senior high schools which included comprehensive senior high schools and combined junior and senior high schools of the central area including Taichung County, Taichung City, Changhua County and Nantou County. The numbers of the objects of the research are sixty senior high music teachers. The rate of recovery is 85%. As for the students, there are seven hundred and fifty eight as the objects. The rate of recovery is 92.21%.
There are three dimensions of the research. In the aspect of the teaching material, it reveals that the Chinese art songs in the authorized senior high school music books are the same as those in junior high in large quantities. Secondly, the Chinese art songs in senior high are seldom treated as appreciation material. Moreover, the teachers and the students are at present lowly motivated in learning the Chinese art songs. Furthermore, the Chinese art songs are becoming fewer in senior high music textbooks. And the teachers need the backgrounds of the writers of the songs most. In the aspect of the music teachers, it reveals that the teachers’ educational perspective, musical ability, familiarity with songs and their fondness affect the students’ motivation and effect. In the aspect of educational administration, musical seminars are not well planned or held.
In conclusion, there are some suggestions about the three dimensions mentioned above. Chinese art songs should be edited more often in the teaching material of music appreciation concerning the aspect of editing-inspecting system. The editors ought to choose more Chinese art songs which are suitable for students to perform. We should discover and adopt new works more often. Publishers should be in rapport with textbooks to release CDs or VCDs and also invite excellent singers or groups to record sound material with high quality, and take them for teaching demonstration and appreciation. As for music teachers, the ought to improve their concepts and teaching methods continuously. Chinese art song teaching should coordinate with other subjects. The teachers are supposed to establish the list of the songs which fit their own students. In the aspect of educational administration, more contests of creative works of Chinese art songs should be held. Song classification system in high school and primary school and information bank are necessary. Lastly, we should conduct more Chinese art song solo, chorus contests or concerts.

參考文獻

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