老年人運動行為之研究

The study of elder exercise behavior

胡立仕(Antonio Hu)

指導教授 ： 王宗吉

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動與休閒管理研究所/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究之目的在了解老年人運動行為之現況，個人背景因素對老年人運動行為之影響，社會心理因素對老年人運動行為之影響，並探討影響老年人運動行為之重要因素。研究採取質性研究─深度訪談方法，透過立意取樣選取七位老年運動者為受訪對象，以半結構式訪談大綱進行訪談、蒐集資料，並將訪談結果謄寫成訪談逐字稿，進行整理與分析。研究結果發現，影響老年人運動行為之重要因素可分為兩方面，一是運動行為的促進因素，另一是運動行為的限制因素，將研究結果敘述如下。
一、運動行為的促進因素：
個人因素
自我調適與休息、養成習慣、喜歡運動的性格、興趣的培養、正面的運動態度、建立運動信念、自我的堅持與努力、量力而為。
他人因素
專業教練的指導與建議、職場運動環境的建立、家人的支持、朋友的支持、政府公家單位與相關組織所提供的幫助、醫生的肯定與教導。
工具性因素
輔助用具、交通方便、地點近、替代場所的尋找、運動種類的選擇、知識觀念的改正、時間的安排、循序訓練、鑽營技巧、與相關單位交涉、運動的利益、運動享樂因素。
二、運動行為的限制因素：
年齡增加，生理機能的下降、時間因素、費用與經濟因素、環境因素、運動種類因素、心理因素、友伴因素、觀念、興趣、運動學習的情境與運動競賽的情境。
透過對上述促進與限制因素的了解，希冀對老年人的運動行為提供更多的了解與幫助。並針對研究過程與結果，提供後續研究的參考與相關單位的建議。
關鍵字：老年人、運動。

關鍵字

老年人 ； 運動

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to figure out the exercise behavior of the aged nowadays and how demographic and social-psychological factors influence it, and also to investigate the important factors that influence it. The research adopted the in-depth interview of the qualitative research method, using a semi-structured interview guidelines to seven aged athletes through purposeful sampling and collect the data from the aged. The transcripts were further studied and analyzed. The discovered results that important factors of the aged behavior can be divided into two groups: one is the promoting factors, the other, the limit factors, as summary followed:
1. Promoting factors
Individual characteristics
Self-adjustment and rest, the formation of the habit, the preference of exercise, the cultivation of the interests, positive exercise attitude , establish the exercise belief, self-persistence and effort, acting according to one’s competence.
Other people’s characteristics
The guidance and advice from professional instructors, the support from occupier to establish exercise environment in workplace, the social support from family and friends, assistance from government and related organization, approval and guidance from doctors.
Instrumental characteristics
Assistant instrument, convenient transportation, nearby location, substitute exercise place, choice the kind of exercise, knowledge correction, time arrangement, sequent training, skill refinement, association with the related organization, exercise benefits, exercise enjoyments.
2. Limit factors
Aging, downturn of the body condition, time, expense, environment, kinds of exercise, mental, accompany, conception, interests, learning condition, competition condition.
Through the realizing of the promoting and limit factors, we hope to provide some understanding and assistance to improve the aged exercise. Through researching, the results were suggested to further researches and related organizations.
Key words: the aged, exercise.

並列關鍵字

the aged ； exercise

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