台灣產蜑螺科貝類之分類研究

Taxonomic Study of the Taiwan Neritidae

陳志勇(Chen, Chi Yung)

指導教授 ： 黃生 ； 巫文隆

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/生物學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究以蜑螺的口蓋、齒舌及貝殼的形質特徵，再加上16S rDNA基因片段的分析，可以將台灣產蜑螺科螺類分為5屬。
經由口蓋的特徵，可將壁蜑螺屬和其餘4屬區分出來。再以齒舌的特徵，將蜑螺屬和剩餘的3屬(石蜑螺、河蜑螺屬及水彩蜑螺屬)區分開。
但因河蜑螺屬及石蜑螺屬的齒舌特徵比較不明顯。因此採用16S rDNA基因片段的序列來輔助，可以較明確的將河蜑螺屬及石蜑螺屬區分。最後以蜑螺的貝殼特徵，製成一分類檢索表，即可將各屬中的蜑螺區分出來。
台灣貝類文獻曾記錄的蜑螺有5屬37種，經過本論文三年的累積研究，台灣的蜑螺科貝類增加到5屬42種。分別為：
一、石蜑螺屬（Clithon）有6種。
二、蜑螺屬（Nerita）有20種。(有2種新記錄種)
三、河蜑螺屬（Neritina）有9種。(有2種新記錄種)
四、壁蜑螺屬（Septaria）有4種。(有1種新記錄種)
五、水彩蜑螺屬（Smaragdia）有2種。(有1種新記錄種)
增加之6種新記錄種為多紋扭腰蜑螺Nerita helicinoides tristis (Pilsbry, 1901)、蘭富蜑螺Nerita rumphii Rècluz, 1841、圓舟蜑螺 Neritina crepiduralia (Lamarck, 1818)、五彩蜑螺Neritina waigiensis (Lesson, 1831)、栗色壁蜑螺 Septaria cumingiana (Rècluz, 1843) 及閃電蜑螺Smaragdia paulucciana Gassies, 1870。

關鍵字

軟體動物 ； 貝類 ； 蜑螺

並列摘要

In this report, Neritids of Taiwan are classified into 5 genera base on their operculum, radulae, shell characters and sequence analysis of 16S rDNA.
Observing the characters of operculum, Septaria was grouped into one taxon. Then examining the radulae, Clithon, Nerita, Neritina amd Smaragdia are separated into four different taxon.
But radulae is not unobvious to be separated Clithon and Neritina, this study uses the 16S rDNA sequence analysis to help the classification of Neritina and Clithon.
The final step, identifying the traits of the shell, this report classifies the Neritidae into 5 genera and 42 species.
1. Genus Clithon: 6 species.
2. Genus Nerita: 20 species. (2 Spp. New record)
3. Genus Neritina: 9 species. (2 Spp. New record)
4. Genus Septaria: 4 species. (1 Spp. New record)
5. Genus Smaragdia: 2 species. (1 Spp. New record)
New records : Nerita helicinoides tristis (Pilsbry, 1901)、Nerita rumphii Rècluz, 1841、Neritina crepiduralia (Lamarck, 1818)、Neritina waigiensis (Lesson, 1831)、Septaria cumingiana (Rècluz, 1843) and Smaragdia paulucciana Gassies, 1870。

參考文獻

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