本研究的主要目的在針對國民中學新設校規劃設計與工程發包進行研究。 本研究所採的研究方法是個案研究法和文獻分析法。以訪談、觀察及文件分析的方法對個案學校進行研究,並綜合文獻分析,以了解國民中學新設校規劃設計與工程發包的真貌。 本研究得到的結論如下: 一、規劃設計的原則如下:在空間、人員及時間三方面。 二、規劃設計的流程如下:調查分析、訂設校計畫書、土地處理、成立籌備處、組規劃組織、提出報告書、評選建築師、進行細部規劃設計、完成整體規劃設計、結果報核。 三、規劃設計的問題包括:1.政府財政困難、土地問題棘手、未成立專業組織及重硬體忽略人文。2.新設校人員非建築專業、缺乏經驗及編制不足。3.規劃設計時間太短。4.缺乏社會資源與支援。 四、規劃設計問題的解決策略如下:1.足夠的經費、設置專責單位及開設學校建築課程。2.新設校人員應具備建築知識。3.給建築師充裕時間。4.社區提供協助。 五、工程發包的原則如下:嚴謹、慎訂投標須知及合約、風險分攤、合理、公平公開、資格及能力審核、資訊化、充分準備、專業化、依法辦事、文書詳實記錄、底價訂定合理等原則。 六、工程發包的流程如下:編製預算書圖、預算書圖送審及核定、建照雜照的請領、準備工程招標所需的文書表件、公告招標、廠商領圖及投標、審查資格、決定底價、開標與決標、簽訂合約。 七、工程發包的問題包括:1.最低標。2.經費不足。3.籌備處人員缺乏建築知識和經驗。4.綁標、關說與圍標。5.預算書製作不實。 八、工程發包問題的解決策略如下:1.修改法令。2.經費要充裕。3.籌備處人員的建築專業和經驗都要充實。4.綁標、關說與圍標需事先預防。5.預算書圖製作要符合實際。 根據研究結論,提出下列建議: 一、對新設校的建議:1.組織要善用人力資源,發揮團隊精神。2.積極爭取經費。3.成員應熟悉法令,充實專業知能。4.新設校應具地標性。5.學校是能夠結合空間和課程領域的優質學習場所。6.發展學校特色。 二、對政府的建議:1.應儘速成立新設校專業組織。2.審慎評估新設校的必要性。3.培育學校建築方面的專業人才。4.成立新設校的統籌補助經費專款。5.建築師酬勞待提升。6.適度採用限制性招標和最有利標。7.學校工程的主管機關人員以服務取代本位主義及官僚作風。8.經費的編列要充裕。9.營造及水電宜合併發包。10.營建富有文化內涵的學校建築。 三、對後續研究的建議:1.對施工和驗收的研究。2.對老舊學校建築的研究。3.對不同新設校的研究。4.對不同新設校的遭遇問題和解決策略的研究。
The main purpose of this research is to explore the process in setting up new junior high schools, with focus on architecture design and construction consigning. This research adopts methodologically both case study, and documentary analysis. That is to approach the target school by visiting, interview, and observation, plus analyses on related documents. Conclusions of this research are as follows: 1.The principles of architecture design: mainly focuses on space utilization, employee involvement, and timing schedules. 2.Work flow of architecture design. Process sequentially includes (1). Requirement analysis. (2). New school proposal and approval. (3). Location selection & land acquirement. (4). Office set-up. (5) Organizing a work team. (6). Campus brief layout completion. (7). Public selection for an architect, & budget approval for architecture design. (8). Detail design with construction schedules planning & quality standard. (9). Architecture design completion & review. (10). Submission for approval by local government. 3.To solve problems arising in the process of architecture design. 4.Principles of construction consigning; includes:(1). Conscientious and careful. (2). Strict contract template and notice for biding. (3). Risk sharing. (4). Rational. (5). Open & fair. (6). Capability competition. (7). Information accessible. (8). Thoughtful prepared. (9). Specialization. (10). Legal concerned. (11). Detailed written record. (12). Reasonable base-price. 5.Work flow of construction consigning. Process sequentially includes (1). Capital budget development. (2). Budget review & final approval by government. (3). Construction license obtaining. (4). Biding forms. (5). Public invitation to bid. (6) Bidder registration and biding. (7). Qualification review. (8). Monitor inviting (9). Base pricing. (10). Open sealed tenders to finalize. (11). Signing contracts. 6.To solve Problems arising in the process of construction consigning. Finally, this research also raises some suggestions respectively to government units in charge of new school setting up, work teams currently in setting up new schools, and those who are interested in further studies on related fields.