台北縣某私立中學高中部學生攝取西式速食行為相關因素之研究

呂蘭花

指導教授 ： 呂昌明

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究之主要目的在了解高中學生攝取西式速食現況，並進一步探討個人背景因素、攝取西式速食營養知識、拒絕攝取西式速食自我效能、攝取西式速食結果期望及攝取西式速食社會支持與攝取西式速食行為之間的關係。以台北縣某私立中學九十一學年度第一學期在學高中生為研究對象，問卷調查於民國91年12月進行，共得有效樣本923人，所得資料以t-test、單因子變異數分析、卡方統計量、點二系列相關、皮爾森積差相關、區別分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下：
一.研究對象在過去一個月攝取西式速食的情形，每週1-3次以上攝取西式速食佔17.4﹪。
二.研究對象攝取西式速食營養知識程度，整體而言屬中下程度。女生營養知識平均得分高於男生。
三.研究對象拒絕攝取西式速食的自我效能偏向容易，即較有把握拒絕攝取西式速食。認為西式速食口味重者拒絕攝取西式速食自我效能高於口味適中者。
四.研究對象攝取西式速食的結果期望偏低。二年級與三年級在攝取西式速食結果期望之得分顯著高於一年級；自覺體型標準者與過瘦者結果期望得分顯著高於肥胖者；感覺西式速食口味適中者結果期望之得分顯著高於口味重者；中階家庭社經地位攝取西式速食結果期望之得分顯著高於低階家庭社經地位。
五.研究對象攝取西式速食行為的社會支持方面，父母親及同學的社會支持皆偏低，來自同學的社會支持高於父母親的社會支持。認為西式速食口味適中者的社會支持高於口味重者。
六.攝取西式速食營養知識與攝取西式速食行為呈負相關；拒絕攝取西式速食自我效能與攝取西式速食行為呈負相關；攝取西式速食結果期望與攝取西式速食行為呈正相關；攝取西式速食社會支持與攝取西式速食行為呈正相關。
七.以對攝取西式速食行為有顯著差異的變項，包括每週零用錢、口味、攝取西式速食營養知識、拒絕攝取西式速食自我效能、攝取西式速食結果期望與攝取西式速食社會支持，進一部進行區別分析，其正確判別率為72.2﹪，其中以攝取西式速食營養知識最具影響力（標準化判別係數＝-0.554最大）。
根據以上結果，本研究建議教育單位未來可根據學生較匱乏的西式速食營養知識進行教學，導正錯誤的飲食觀念，增強拒絕攝取西式速食技巧，同時藉由父母親與同儕的社會支持改善攝取西式速食的行為。在未來研究方面，則可擴大至不同縣市或城鄉範圍，於季節不同時，做進一部的深入研究。
關鍵字：高中生、攝取西式速食行為

關鍵字

高中生 ； 攝取西式速食行為

並列摘要

A Study on the Influential Factors and Status of the Fast-Food Eating Behaviors of the Private High School Students in Taipei County
A Master Thesis
Lan-Huea Leu
The purpose of this study is to investigate the fast-food-eating behaviors of high school students, and to examine the relationships between the fast-food eating and selected personal background characteristics, as well as knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, social support. The study consisted of 923 subjects who were select by using random sampling method from private high school in Taipei County. A questionnaire, developed by the author of the study, was used to gather data in Dec 2002. T-test, One-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, Pearson's product-moment correlation and Discriminant analysis were used to analysis the data. The major findings of the study were as follows：
1.The average fast-food eating was 1-3 frequencies 17.4﹪per week.
2.The knowledge about fast-food eating in subjects was medium-low degree. Girls had higher knowledge than boys.
3.The subjects' self-efficacy of fast-food eating was strong. Taste heavy had higher self-efficacy than taste moderate.
4.The subjects' outcome expectancy fast-food eating was low. Second and third grade had higher outcome expectancy than first grade. Perception of moderate and thin body shape had higher outcome expectancy than obesity. Taste moderate had higher outcome expectancy than taste heavy. Moderate Family income social status had higher outcome expectancy than low Family income social status.
5.The subjects' social support fast-food eating was low. Classmate social support was higher than parents’ support. Taste moderate had higher social support than taste heavy.
6.The fast-food eating behaviors were significant correlated with outcome expectancy, social support, and negatively correlated with knowledge, self-efficacy.
7.There are six variables, which have significant prediction to behavior, including weekly allowance, taste, knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, and social support. If we use these variables to predict the behavior ,the correct rate will go to 72.2﹪.The most influential factor rate is knowledge.
Base on results, this study suggests that schools could guide the students to the correct dietary concept by teaching the western nutrition knowledge, and strengthen the techniques to refuse fast-food, modify the fast-food eating behavior through the social support parents and classmates. For future deepened study could be conducted in expanded areas like different cities, counties or towns in different seasons.
Keywords：fast-food eating, high school student

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