本研究目的旨在探究幼兒園教師之工作壓力、因應趨避與身心健康的關係與現況。並探討不同背景變項的幼兒園教師在工作壓力、因應趨避與身心健康上的差異情形。本研究以桃竹苗地區481位幼兒園教師為受試對象,進行問卷調查。所得量化資料以SPSS12.0統計分析方法進行處理資料,並依統計結果加以分析及討論。主要發現摘述如下: 一、在工作壓力方面:幼兒園教師的整體工作壓力屬於中等偏高,而在工作壓力六個層面中,其壓力感受由高至低依序為「生涯發展壓力」、「課程教學壓力」、「行政組織壓力」、「工作負荷壓力」、「角色職責壓力」、「人際支持壓力」。幼兒園教師的年齡、年資、園所類別、任教班級、月薪、婚姻狀況、工作職稱、任教資格、是否兼任行政等不同,則幼兒園教師的整體及各層面工作壓力亦不同。 二、壓力因應趨避方面:幼兒園教師的壓力因應趨避,顯示受試幼兒園教師的整體壓力因應趨避方式傾向於「趨」。幼兒園教師對課程教學壓力最能挑戰自積極主動解決問題,而相對於教師較無法自主控制改變的行政組織壓力,傾向於以尋求支援或接受現況等消極逃避方式。不同的幼兒園教師之年齡、任教班級、婚姻狀況、園所類別、是否兼任行政等不同則幼兒園教師的整體及各層面壓力因應趨避亦不同。 三、在身心健康方面:幼兒園教師的整體身心健康狀況尚可。其身心健康的威脅由高至低依序為「焦慮反應」、「憂鬱反應」、「身體不適」、「人際互動」、「生活適應」。顯示焦慮與憂鬱是目前幼兒園教師身心健康最大隱憂。幼兒園教師不同的年齡、年資、園所類別、學歷別、婚姻狀況、工作職稱、任教資格、是否兼任行政等,其身心健康反應亦不同。 四、幼兒園教師之因應趨避並非工作壓力與身心健康的中介變項。幼兒園教師之工作壓力(A)、因應趨避(B)與身心健康(C)的關係為:B←A→C。
This research was to explore the early childhood teachers’ sources of job stress and the approach-avoidance intention and their psychosomatic health situation. It was also to compare the differences of the different back -ground variables on their job stress and coping and psychosomatic health. In addition, it tried to probe the relationship between teachers’ job stress, approach-avoidance intention and psychosomatic health. Four hundred and eighty early childhood teachers served as the research subjects and the questionnaire was used as research survey instrument. According to the data collected form the questionnaires, means values, standardized scores, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation was used for data analysis. The results indicated that: 1. The early childhood teachers perceived their job stress, approach- avoidance intention, and their psychosomatic health tend to be middle level. 2.The effect of background variables on early childhood teachers’ job stress, approach- avoidance intention, and their psychosomatic health were significant. 3.The correlation among early childhood teachers’ job stress and their approach- avoidance intention were significant. 4. The correlation among early childhood teachers’ job stress and their psychosomatic health were significant. 5. The correlation among early childhood teachers’ approach- avoidance intention and their psychosomatic health were not significant. 6.Concerning the teachers’ job stress, approach- avoidance intention and their health status, there were no significant difference in the change of teachers’ job stress and their psych o-somatic health after approach- avoidance intention intervention.