台灣地區大專院校運動觀光課程發展研究

The Study of Developing Sport Tourism Curriculum

方信淵(Shin-Yuan Eric Fang)

指導教授 ： 程紹同

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/博士(2003年)

摘要

本研究之目的在瞭解台灣地區未來觀光產業之專業人力需求，並進一步分析台灣地區大專院校運動觀光課程之規劃與設計。本研究共分成兩階段，第一階段以德懷術研究法進行，遴選並委託運動觀光相關之產、官、學界學者專家組成德懷術專家諮詢小組，並以研究者自編之「台灣地區大專院校運動觀光課程發展研究問卷」為研究工具，進行共3次之德懷術研究法問卷施測；第二階段則以第一階段之研究問卷修訂成「台灣地區大專院校運動觀光課程發展研究問卷」（系所主任版）針對台灣地區大專院校運動觀光相關科系所主任進行問卷調查。結果發現：
一、運動觀光產業基層人員重要專業能力前3名為「電腦文書資料處理能力」及「電腦套裝軟體操作能力」，以及「時間管理能力」；「產品（服務）說明展示」及「寫作能力」則分居第9、10名。
二、運動觀光產業中階主管重要專業能力前3名為「公共關係應用能力」與「傳播溝通能力」以及「客戶開發能力（包含國內外）」；「口語溝通能力」與「行銷策略擬定能力」則分居第9、10名。
三、運動觀光學系大學部專業核心課程應為
（一）必修課程：「運動觀光產業實習」、「觀光概論」、「休閒運動概論」、「旅館與餐飲管理」、「套裝軟體（文書、統計、繪圖等）」、「運動觀光管理概論」、「運動傷害防護」、「運動觀光概論」、「人際關係」、「壓力管理」、「時間管理」、「戶外遊憩」。
（二）選修課程：「行銷學概論」、「水上安全與救生」、「運動概論」、「健康管理」、「消費心理學」、「運動觀光服務管理」、「運動生理學」、「公共關係學」、「環境生態學」、「體適能與運動處方」、「管理學概論」、「經濟學概論」、「運動觀光行銷學」、「運動與觀光相關法規研討」、「運動觀光史」、「運動場館管理」、「休閒運動新趨勢」、「國際賽會管理」。
四、運動觀光研究所碩士班專業核心課程依其重要性程度依序為「運動觀光專題討論」、「觀光發展議題」、「運動觀光專案規劃與分析」、「運動與觀光相關政策規劃研討」、「專案稽核與績效評估」、「市場分析與調查」、「運動觀光產業經營與管理」、「運動觀光產業市場研究」、「職業運動經營與管理」、「管理決策模式」、「環境影響與衝擊」、「社會資源募集與基金籌募」、「運動觀光產業實習」、「國際賽會管理」、「運動贊助學」、「休閒運動新趨勢」、「財務管理」、「運動與觀光相關法規研討」等18項課程。
五、大學部課程開設困難度最高的前3項課程為「職業運動經營與管理」、「運動觀光風險管理」、「運動觀光專案規劃與分析」；「運動觀光服務管理」與「運動觀光產業經營與管理」則分列第9、10名。
六、碩士班課程開設困難度最高的前3項課程為「職業運動經營與管理」、「運動觀光專案規劃與分析」、「運動觀光風險管理」；「專案稽核與績效評估」、「運動觀光產業經營與管理」並列第8名（此2項之難度指數相同並列），「運動與觀光相關法規研討」則為第10名。

關鍵字

運動觀光 ； 課程發展 ； 課程設計 ； 專業人力資源

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the required professional competency from the perspectives of human resource in the future sport tourism industry in Taiwan, and to analyze the sport tourism courses designed at university level in Taiwan. There were two stages of the study process. Stage one, 19 experts and scholars were invited to form a consulting expert group for the purpose of the Delphi Method. After the examination for the validity and liability of the research tool, “Questionnaire of Sport Tourism Courses Development at the Universities in Taiwan” was developed. Three rounds of the survey were processed with the Questionnaire created based on the Delphi Method. At stage two, the opinions of chairmen of the sport tourism related departments at Taiwan’s universities were collected based on the questionnaire used at stage one.
The results are as follows:
1. The top 3 required professional career competency for the lower-level staff in sport tourism industry are listed, from the most important to the less important ones: “Computer Data Processing”, “the Ability of Using Computer Software Package”, “Time Management”; and “the Sales Ability of Product or Service”, “Writing” are listed at the 9th and 10th .
2. The top 3 required professional career competency for the middle-level manager in sport tourism industry are listed, from the most important to the less important ones: “Public Relationship”, “the Ability to Communicate with the Public Media”, “the Ability at Market Development (including foreign markets)”; and “Oral Communication Skills”, “the Ability at Marketing Strategy Making” are listed at the 9th and 10th.
3. The professional core courses of the sport tourism departments in universities are as follows:
(1) Require Courses: “Internship of Sport Tourism Business”, “Fundamentals of Tourism”, “Fundamentals of Recreational Sport”, “Hotel and Hospitality Management”, “Computer Software Packages (data editing, statistics, and drawing)”, “Fundamentals of Sport Tourism Management”, “Sport Injury Prevention”, “Fundamentals of Sport Tourism”, “Human Relationships”, “Stress Management”, “Time Management”, and “Outside Recreation”.
(2) Elective Courses: “Fundamentals of Sport Marketing”, “Life Saving at the Water Activity”, “Concepts of Sport”, “Health Management”, “Consumer Psychology”, “Sport Tourism Service Management”, “Exercise Physiology”, “Public Relationship”, “Environmental Biology”, “Fitness and Exercise Prescription”, “Fundamentals of Management”, “Fundamentals of Economic”, “Marketing for Sport Tourism”, “Legal Issues of Sport Tourism”, “History of Sport Tourism”, “Sport Facilities Management”, “Trends of Recreational Sport”, “International Sport Events Management”.
4. The professional core courses at the sport tourism programs in the graduated schools are as follows: “Seminars of Sport Tourism”, “Issues on Tourism Development”, “Sport Tourism Project Planning and Analysis”, “Seminars of Sport Tourism Related Policy Analysis”, “Project Performance Assessment and Evaluation”, “Market Analysis and Survey”, “Sport Tourism Business Management”, “Research at Sport Tourism Marketing”, “Professional Sports Business Management”, “Decision Making Management Models”, “ Environmental Affection and Impact”, “Fundraising”, “Internship of Sport Tourism Business”, “International Sport Events Management”, “Sport Sponsorship”, “Trends of Recreational Sport”, “Financial Management”, “Legal Issues of Sport Tourism”.
5. The top 3 difficult professional courses for sport tourism departments to develop are listed, from the most difficult to the less difficult ones: ”Professional Sports Business Management”, “Risk Management of Sport Tourism”, “Sport Tourism Project Planning and Analysis”, and “Sport Tourism Service Management”, “Sport Tourism Business Management” are listed at the 9th and 10th.
6. The top 3 difficult professional courses for sport tourism graduate programs to develop are listed, from the most difficult to the less difficult ones: “Professional Sports Business Management”, “Sport Tourism Project Planning and Analysis”, “Risk Management of Sport Tourism”; and ”Performance Assessment and Evaluation”, “Sport Tourism Business Management” are listed at the 8th ( these two course’s difficult index are equal), “Legal Issues of Sport Tourism” is listed at the 10th.

並列關鍵字

sport tourism ； course development ； course design ； professional human resources