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  • 學位論文

環境教育推廣者運用自然生態影像之現況研究

A Case Study of Nature Photography as a Tool for Enviornmental Educators

指導教授 : 汪靜明
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摘要


中 文 摘 要 環境教育有賴社會各階層的人士在不同場域中參與推廣,環境教育的相關研究也應有不同領域的學門涉入,以擴展環境教育的領域。本研究從社會環境教育的論點,以自然生態影像為題,探討攝影者運用自然生態影像推廣環境教育的現況,研究的對象和使用的研究工具有三;第一就自然與生態攝影學會歷年(1988~2003)的文件資料進行蒐集分析,以瞭解該會的組織資源以及參與環境教育的活動模式。第二針對該會近十年(1994~2003)的會員進行問卷調查,深入瞭解受訪者從事自然生態攝影的目的、用途、資源需求,以及參與環境教育的角色類型。第三則以深度訪談的方式訪問十三位經常以自然生態影像進行環境教育的推廣者,瞭解其對自然生態攝影的內涵、功能之觀點,以及運用影像進行環境教育的方法等。 經本研究分析結果發現該會以其人力資源和專業資源,以柔性的方式引導民眾藉由攝影活動親近自然和認識生態,發揮攝影的社會教育功能,在環境教育推廣工作中扮演影像供給與中介者的角色。針對會員的問卷調查部份,結果顯示幾乎所有的受訪者都曾參與環境教育活動,約有六成的受訪者曾參與環境教育的推廣工作,推廣者在推廣活動的類型以擔任課程講師、參與環保活動及擔任解說員為主,並且提供人力和環境政策宣導的中介服務。而推廣者在運用影像進行環境教育活動時,通常是以野生動植物為題進行課程或演講的宣導。調查結果整體顯示推廣者對自然生態攝影的內涵有較深刻的看法,在運用影像進行環境教育推廣時能掌握自然生態的意涵,傳達自然保育、環境保護的觀點。深度訪談所呈現的結論顯示受訪專家對自然生態生態攝影內涵有多元的看法,學者型的受訪者較強調呈現生態的現象與原理,有較強的教育目的用意。專業型的攝影者則強調透過攝影表達個人對自然環境的感受,兩者雖然對內涵和表現形式有趨近的看法,但切入點不一樣,傳達的形式也不一樣。 歸納全體受訪者運用影像進行環境教育時有兩方面的資源需求:一為攝影者進行自然生態攝影的資源需求,二為運用影像進行環境教育時所需的資源,研究者據此提出幾項建議以做為環境教育推廣者之參考。 關鍵詞:自然生態攝影、自然生態影像、社會環境教育、環境教育推廣者

並列摘要


ABSTRACT Environmental education relies on participation and dissemination by people in all fields under various different settings. Environmental education research should therefore involve people from different subject areas in order to expand the field of environmental education. This study discusses the role of nature photography in social environmental education and how photographers currently use nature photography to carry out environmental education. Three research tools were employed in this study: (1)The Society’s past documents and data (from 1988 to 2003) were collected and compiled to analyze the group’s organizational resources and the type of environmental education activities engaged in. (2) Members with around a decade of membership (from 1994 to 2003) were surveyed. The study also explores members’ objectives, applications, and resource requirements in photographing nature and ecology, as well as their own role in environmental education. (3) Thirteen environmental educators who frequently apply nature photography in environmental education were asked via in-depth interviews about the connotations of nature photography, their views on its function, methods of application, as well as the use of nature photography as a tool in environmental education. This study found that the Chinese Society of Natural Photography makes use of its manpower and professional resources in a flexible way that brings the public closer to nature and increases their ecological awareness through the medium of photography. Their methods bring into full play the function of images as a media in social and environmental education. The survey of members showed that nearly all respondents participate in environmental education activities. Approximately 60 percent of respondents are or have been environmental educators themselves, while 40 percent have been recipients of environmental education. The primary roles played by environmental educators were program lecturers, participants in environmental protection activities and nature interpreters, as well as intermediary providers of manpower and environmental policy advocacy services. As for environmental educators’ incorporation of images in environmental education activities, most cases involved using wildlife and plants as subject matter during slideshows or computer presentations during courses or lectures. Survey results overall showed that environmental educators had relatively more profound views regarding the connotations of nature and ecological photography. They were also able to use images in their promotion of environmental education to convey meanings of nature and ecology, the message of nature conservation, and views on environmental protection. The conclusion reached in this study shows that among the respondents, professionals and scholars had diverse views about the connotations of using nature photography. Scholars, on the one hand, placed more emphasis on displaying the principles and current state of ecology, and stressed environmental objectives and motives. Professionals, on the other hand, placed more importance on using photography to express personal feelings toward the natural environment. Although both groups held some common views on the connotations and manifestations of nature photography, each group had a different point of entry and conveyed a different focal point. Finally, it was found that in order to make use of images in environmental education, on the whole respondents required (1) resources for nature photography, and (2) resources for applying nature photography to environmental education. The researcher concludes with some suggestions for other environmental educators’ reference. Key words: nature and ecological photography, nature and ecological images, social environmental education, environmental educators

被引用紀錄


陳靜琳(2006)。探討動畫對學童環境概念之影響---以宮崎駿動畫為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716134439

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