中部某科技大學學生對學校健康中心保健服務了解、使用及需求研究

本研究的主要目的在探討中部某科技大學學生對學校健康中心保健服務了解、使用及需求情形。以自編結構式問卷為工具，採分層隨機抽樣方式，抽取30班450名學生為樣本，回收441份問卷，有效問卷共415份，有效回收率為 94. 1 %。本研究主要發現如下: 一、研究對象對健康中心保健服務了解情形，了解最多前三項依序為「提供身高、體重、體脂肪、血壓等測量服務」、「一般小外傷簡易敷藥或冰敷」、「入學時健康檢查」；而最不了解者依序為「檢測教室照明度」、「為育嬰之師生提供集乳室及母乳儲存服務」及「收集師生餐廳福利社意見反應」。另外，研究對象的「性別」「部別」及「年級」與其健康中心保健服務了解情形有關係，其中女生及日間部學生對健康中心保健服務有較多的了解。二、研究對象對健康中心保健服務使用情形，使用頻率最高前三者依序為「入學時健康檢查」、「提供身高、體重、體脂肪、血壓等測量服務」、「一般小外傷簡易敷藥或冰敷」；而使用頻率最低者依序為「育嬰之師生提供集乳室及母乳儲存服務」、「特殊疾病健康輔導」、「協助醫院轉介服務」。另外，研究對象的「部別」及「自覺健康狀況」與其健康中心保健服務使用情形有關係，其中日間部學生及自覺健康狀況愈佳的學生，比其他學生較常使用健康中心的保健服務。三、研究對象對健康中心保健服務需求情形, 需求最高的前三者依序為「辦理學生平安保險及申請理賠服務」、「入學時健康檢查」、「一般小外傷簡易敷藥或冰敷」。而需求最低者依序為「為育嬰之師生提供集乳室及母乳儲存服務」、「設保健櫥窗以展示醫療保健相關平面資料及海報」、「提供衛生保健視聽媒體、書籍的借閱」。另外，研究對象的「部別」、「年級」及「過去病史」與其健康中心保健服務需求情形有關係，其中日間部及二、四年級學生和有過去病史者，比其他學生對健康中心保健服務有較多需求。四、研究對象對健康中心保健服務了解情形的最有效預測變為項「部別」；對健康中心保健服務使用情形的最有效預測變項為「部別」、「過去病史」及「自覺健康狀況」；對健康中心保健服務需求情形的最有效預測變項為「部別」、「年級」、「過去病史」及「自覺健康狀況」。根據本研究發現，建議加強學校健康中心對進修部學生提供更多保健服務之宣導，運用多元之宣導管道提供學生保健服務相關資訊和充實保健服務內容，以增加學生對健康中心資源的使用。

關鍵字

大學生；學校健康中心；保健服務

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate students’ understanding, utilization, and needs toward the services of the health center at one of the universities in central Taiwan. This study adopts the stratified random sampling method and chooses 450 students from 30 classes. Taken from a total of 441 surveys are effective 415 samples (the returns-ratio is 94.1%). The major findings are as follows: 1. The top three most understandable topics of the services provided by the health center are “checking BW, heights, body fat, BP, etc.,” “applying ice packs and ointments to generally minor cuts or wounds,“ and “physical examination during the beginning of the school year.” The top three least recognizable services of all are “examining illumination of lights in classrooms,” “providing nursery rooms for breastfeeding of postpartum teachers and students in school” and “collecting feedbacks on campus cafeterias.” In addition, “gender,” “majors,” and “classes” are related to this study. Female students and students in day school have better understanding of the services provided by the health center. 2. The top three welcome services provided by the health center are “physical exam during the beginning of the school year,” “checking BW, heights, body fat, BP, and etc.,” “applying ice packs or ointments to general small cuts or wounds.” In contrast, the top three least popular services are “providing nursery room and service for teachers and students to collect and store breast milk,” “health education for special diseases,“ and “assisting hospital transfer.” In addition, ”majors” and “self-evaluated health condition” are related to this study. Students “with good self-evaluated health condition and “in day school” are using the health center more often than others. 3. For the top three most needed services of the health center are “providing students with health insurance and compensation application,” “basic physical exams during the beginning of school year” and “applying ice packs or ointments to generally minor cuts or wounds.” For the top three least needed services are “providing nursery room and service for teachers and students to collect and store breast milk,” “setting up bulletins for displaying medical information,” and “providing the service of borrowing healthful books or videos.” Besides, “gender,” “majors,” and “medical history” are related to this study. Students in day school, juniors and seniors, and students with medical history are more in need of the health center's services. 4. The most effective predictor for understanding the services of the health center is “majors.“ The most effective predictors for utilizing the services of the health center are “majors, medical history and self-evaluated health condition.” The most effective predictors for needing the care service of the health center are “major, class, medical history,” and “self-evaluated health condition.” Based on the findings mentioned above, the researcher suggests both providing more diverse propaganda on the information of the health center services and enriching the content of the services for students in the evening program in order to increase their frequency of using the services in the health center.