權威記錄中外國人名翻譯問題及其對檢索之研究

A Study On the Translation Problems of Foreign names in Authority Records and Their Influences on Users' Retrieval

陳怡雯(I-Wen Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳昭珍博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/圖書資訊學研究所在職進修碩士班/碩士(2007年)

摘要

為瞭解國內圖書館界對人名權威記錄中譯名相關做法、館員所遭遇之問題與人名權威記錄中譯名對使用者檢索之影響，本研究除透過文獻分析法瞭解人名之特性意涵、人名權威記錄著錄之規則與圖書館使用者對WebPAC檢索產生之問題外，並透過三種研究方法更深入瞭解，包括：以結構觀察法瞭解圖書館書目中人名譯名處理對圖書館使用者檢索產生之影響，再透過訪談法瞭解新聞界、出版界進行外國人名翻譯的基本作法與原則，最後，藉由內容分析法分析圖書館界進行外國人名翻譯時所使用之參考工具。研究結果發現：
1.人名權威記錄中譯名之著錄未能表現出人名的語法特性，且圖書館館員進行人名翻譯無法達到新聞界、出版界中之信達雅原則。
2.圖書館人名權威記錄中外國人名翻譯所存在之問題，包括有：圖書館對人名權威記錄著錄欠缺完整性、同一外國作者多筆人名權威記錄、建立譯名權威記錄之目的只為取該作者之作者號、無專責單位負責建立譯名權威記錄、人名權威之MRAC格式的採用得配合自動化系統、館員自行翻譯之譯名受其主觀意識影響、圖書館採用之譯名標目與傳媒使用之譯名不相同。
3.圖書館對於權威記錄中譯名的處理造成使用者檢索失敗或查全率不高，包括有：人名權威記錄中重視發音字體而忽略表意字體、自動化系統對於人名檢索之指引功能不足與已婚婦女冠夫姓造成譯名標目擇取與使用者檢索所下之譯名不同等。
根據上述研究結果，本研究建議圖書館界可與新聞界、出版界間達成人名譯名做法之共識，統一規範及其標準；且圖書館不論規模大小，均應適度進行人名權威控制，建議由國家圖書館籌劃與各圖書館共同合作建置人名權威資料庫，收錄中央通訊社譯名資料庫中之譯名，以增加人名權威資料庫的完整性，並提供外國人名翻譯與其權威相關問題之教育與訓練；再者，圖書館WebPAC應加強配合權威控制與指引功能，以提高使用者檢索之效益。

關鍵字

譯名權威記錄 ； 人名權威記錄 ； 人名翻譯

並列摘要

In order to 1) understand the principles of foreign names translations for specialists in the journalism and the publishing, 2) discuss the problem how catalogers deal with the foreign names translations in personal name authority records in a national-wide view, and 3) study the influences of translated personal names on searchers, this study uses not only literary analyses to examine the meaning and the characteristics of personal names, the rules of using personal name authority records, and the problems when users searching the WebPAC, but also three research methods to get a deeper understanding about 1) the relation between translated names and user searches through structural observation, 2) the principles of translating names for people in the journalism and the publishing by interviewing and comparing with those in libraries, and 3) the reference tools using in the libraries by content analysis. This study concludes:

1. Foreigners' translated names in personal name authority records cannot represent the characteristics of personal names. Furthermore the quality of the names translations by librarians hardly meets the principles of “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance“, applied by the journalism and the publishing.

2. There are problems about translated names in personal name authority records such as lack of integrity in libraries, having multiple authority records for one person, lack of authorized department, adapting MARC format to the library automatic system, translation from unprofessional librarians, and the translated names different from the ones in journalism and the publishing.

3. The impact of translated names on user searches includes that 1) librarians emphasize more on the shape than the meaning of personal name authority records, 2) the function of references is not sufficient in the library automatic system, and 3) how to choose the last names of married women.

The suggestion base on the result are that the library should to reach a agreement of foreign name translation with the journalistic and the publishing. All scales of the libraries should do Authority control, and the national library should cooperate to build a name authority file database with other libraries, the national library should bear the task that train and educate all of libraries in our domestic and the library should subsume the name translation database of the central news agency to enhance the completeness of the name authority file database. At last, the library should enhance authority control and the guide of the Webpac, and then the library can raise the user's retrieval efficiency

並列關鍵字

foreign names translations, personal name authority records ； personal name authority records ； name translation

參考文獻

吳明德(1990)。我國圖書館目錄使用之研究。(國科會專題研究計畫成果報告，NSC79-0301-H002-17)，台北市，臺灣大學。

張秀惠(2003)。馬奎斯小說《沒有人寫信給上校》中譯本翻譯探討。未出版之碩士論文，靜宜大學西班牙語文學系研究所，臺中縣。

李宜容(民84)。人文及社會學科讀者使用線上公用目錄檢索詞彙之研究。未出版之碩士論文，淡江大學教育資料科學研究所，台北縣。

曾繁娟(1997)。中文標題檢索之研究：以國立臺灣大學TULIPS 系統為例。未出版之碩士論文，國立臺灣大學圖書館學研究所，台北市。

鄭美珠(1989)。從書目鍵檔到權威控制，臺北市立圖書館館訊，7(3)，13-21。