從上海到臺灣的企業家族：以「明星化工」周氏家族為中心（1923-1998）

明星花露水在臺灣，是個家喻戶曉，不分族群的共同記憶。出現於臺灣歷史上可追溯到二戰結束以後，實際上卻是從上海來到臺灣的百年企業。本研究探討製造明星花露水的公司明星化工，及其周氏家族從中國上海到臺灣的發展歷程，並歸納分析其屹立不搖成為大眾記憶的契機。身為醫生的周邦俊在上海發跡，經營中西大藥房並創辦明星花露香水。其政商活動極其活躍，配合國貨運動與愛國主義發展，將花露香水從「化妝品」轉化為「日常衛生用品」之用途，衛生觀念強加人民心中。二戰結束後，周邦俊受到牢獄之災，長女周文璣繼承父親事業發展明星花露香水，經商手法與周邦俊如出一徹。受到共產黨的逼迫，周氏家族成員決定遷移臺灣。來到臺灣後，中西大藥房倒閉，僅剩明星化工持續經營。明星花露水一度要以「化妝品」販售，但因為稅務問題，再一次將之定位為「日常衛生用品」，花露水因此成為大眾的日常「必需品」，符合口號「無遠弗屆，到處可買」，花露水成為流通市面上的產品。周文璣雖為明星化工董事長，卻熱衷於個人活動，加入各式公會、參選民意代表、社團活動。重心不在公司經營，加上公司員工沒有企圖心，以致在市面上變得不廣泛。相比成功的上海企業，並無多角化經營，也無重返大陸心志，只有在臺灣一間工廠經營。隨著臺灣經濟社會環境漸趨穩定，人民追求高消費商品，花露水成為傳統雜貨店的懷舊商品，也發展成文創商品。明星花露水沒有像早期銷售大賣，卻塑造出跨族群的集體記憶，從外省企業變成臺灣本土商品，僅在臺灣經營。

關鍵字

明星花露水；明星化工股份有限公司；周邦俊；周文璣；上海企業家族；臺灣企業

並列摘要

Ming Sing Florida water （明星花露水）, a well-known fragrance brand, was a commonplace product and a Collective Memory for Taiwanese regardless of one’s ethnic background. Ming Sing Florida water, traced back to the end of World War II in Taiwanese history, in fact, was a century-old enterprise founded in Shanghai. This study will focus on the development process of the Chow family and Ming Sing Chemical Co. Ltd. which launched Ming Sing Florida water. This study would also analyze and summarize the factors that resulted to its standing to become a Collective Memory for Taiwanese. Pang-Tsin Chow, a physician who managed Great China Dispensary, Ld., was the founder of Ming Sing Florida water in Shanghai. In the midst of national products movement and patriotism , Chow was active in government-business relations, and he promoted Ming Sing Florida water as "hygienic product" instead of “cosmetics”. Chow was imprisoned after World War II, so his daughter, Wen-Ji Chow inherited the company, selling Ming Sing Florida water using the same business strategies. The Chow family was forced to relocate to Taiwan because of the communist party. Great China Dispensary, Ld. went bankrupt after relocating to Taiwan, leaving Ming Sing Chemical Co. Ltd. to operate on its own. Although “Ming Sing Florida water” was once planned to retail as "cosmetics", due to tax issues, it was yet again positioned as " hygienic products". Afterwards, Florida water ended up becoming a household "necessity", and was boasted to be omnipresent in the Taiwanese market. Although Wen-Ji Chow is the chairman of Ming Sing Chemical Co. Ltd, she was more active in her personal life, joining various trade unions, and running for the legislator. She did not focus on the company, and the employees were not ambitious as well, and the market share began to drop. Unlike some successful Shanghai enterprises, it did not attempt diversified management nor desire to return to China, Ming Sing Chemical Co. Ltd only ran in Taiwan. As the social economics status become more and more stable in Taiwan, people began to pursue high consumer products. Nowadays, Ming Sing Florida water was branded as a vintage commodity in traditional stores and it also became a cultural and creative item. Florida water were no longer best sellers as they were back in the days, but it was a mutual memory shared by people across all ethnic backgrounds, from being a China enterprise to a domestic business selling products exclusively in Taiwan.