國小校園安全預防措施之探討－以臺北市萬華區國民小學為例

A Study on the Campus Security measures - take the Taipei City Wanhua District Elementary Schools as Example

林明義(Ming-Yi Lin)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

教育是臺灣政治民主、經濟發展、社會繁榮之主要根基；校園裡所發生的任何危安事件，不僅會影響個人安全、阻礙教學過程，更影響學校本身以及鄰近社區的安全。因此，如何在教育的過程中多一份用心，防止校園危安事件的發生，提供安全無虞、溫馨友善的學習環境，是當前教育上的重要課題。 本研究係以情境犯罪預防理論之角度，透過對校園環境、空間妥善之規劃、設計與管理，提升空間對犯罪的防護力，並降低或嚇阻犯罪之發生，其具體研究課題包括： 一、瞭解國小校園安全維護事件類型。 二、探討學校執行校園安全預防之策略方案。 三、依據研究結果，提出建議與策略，以供教育行政機關及未來研究參考運用。 本研究採深度訪談及參與觀察法為主，訪談對象是以臺北市萬華區，從事犯罪偵查之基層主管與員警各一位，及該地區三所國小實際執行校園安全工作者六位。另針對訪談對象所服務之三所國小，作為進行實地觀察之標，探討國小校園推行環境設計犯罪預防的設計與應用。透過研究資料，進一步加以歸納分析，並根據研究結果提出建議與策略。 研究結果發現如下： 一、國小校園安全維護事件類型以「學校財產遭竊事件」、「其他校園安全維護事件」及「學校內設施(備)遭破壞事件」此三類為主。 二、現行國小校園安全維護執行者，在面對校園危安事件所採取之預防措施，以「增加犯罪風險」、「增加犯罪阻力」、「減少犯罪誘因」為最主要之犯罪預防核心概念。

關鍵字

校園安全 ； 情境犯罪預防

並列摘要

Education plays a fundamental role for democratic politics, economic development and social prosperity in Taiwan. Any event in relating to safety occurring in campus not only brings impact on personal safety and interference with teaching process but also influence the safety in campus and in the neighborhood. Therefore, it is an important educational issue to prevent events jeopardizing campus safety from happening and create a carefree, warm and friendly learning environment by making more efforts in the process of education.

This paper applies the theory of situational crime prevention to discuss on how to increase space protection against crime and lower or deter crime occurrence by considering proper planning, design and management of campus and space. The subjects studied in this paper include:
1.Explore the types of safety events in campus of elementary schools.
2.Make discussions on strategic solutions for campus safety and crime prevention implemented at school.
3.Propose suggestions and strategies based on the study results so as to serve as a reference for educational administration and future studies.

This study mainly adopted in-depth interview and participant observation. One basic-level police chief and one police officer engaged in crime investigation as well as 6 staff implementing campus safety works from three elementary schools in Wanhua District Taipei were interviewed. The elementary schools where the interviewees work served as the targets for us to make substantial observations. The design and applications of crime prevention through environmental design promoted in these elementary schools were discussed and explored. We further organized and analyzed the data being researched and proposed suggestions and strategies based on the results.
According to the results, the findings are as follows:
1.The three main types of safety events in campus of elementary schools include: “theft of school properties”, “other campus safety events” and “damage of school facilities and equipment”.
2.Regarding the preventive measures for maintaining campus safety, the core concepts for crime prevention adopted by the staff implementing campus safety works at current element schools were: “increasing crime risks”, “increasing crime resistance” and “reducing crime incentives”.

並列關鍵字

Campus security ； Situational crime prevention

參考文獻

周愫嫻，2004，《少年犯罪》。臺北：五南。

鄧煌發，2007＜校園安全防護措施之探討－校園槍擊、校園霸凌等暴行事件之防治＞，《中等教育》，58(5)：8-29。

James A Watson 2000. The importance of having an effective school crisis response plan; School Planning & Management,Dayton; Oct 2000,39(10)：4.

Boba R. 2005. Crime Analysis and Crime Mapping, CA: Sage. Bantinghan, P.L. & Brantingham, P.J.

Clarke, R.V. (Ed.) 1992. Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies,. NY: Harrow & Heston.