民眾安全意識之研究

A STUDY ON PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF SECURITY AWARENESS

鄒宜真(YI-JHEN ZOU)

指導教授 ： 侯崇文 博士

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

犯罪預防是我們從事犯罪研究最終的目標，社會中的所有行動者皆關心安全的種種問題，這些對於安全概念的所有態度、認知、思考、詮釋與作為展現，是安全意識的內涵。本研究嘗試了解民眾安全意識的社會建構如何而來，並企圖建立一個適當的解釋模式，探討結構因素、民眾對社會秩序的信心、社會化互動過程和被害程度與安全意識之間的關係。
本研究採用調查研究，以台北市居民的電話號碼資料去做隨機撥號的抽樣，透過CATI系統完成300份有效問卷，將收集的資料進行統計量化分析，分析方式包括獨立樣本t檢定、變異數分析、相關分析以及複迴歸分析。研究結果發現：男性、中年族群、教育程度高、職業社經地位高、對社會秩序信心度較低、較常與安全或犯罪預防專業人員、資訊、領域接觸、以及犯罪被害程度較高者，他們的安全意識程度比較高。而影響民眾安全意識的最主要因素為「教育程度」和「社會化過程」，顯然地，社經地位以及社會互動的過程與民眾安全意識的認知建構有著極為密切的關聯。
因此，本研究提出以下建議：
一、強化家庭與學校的教育功能。
二、日常生活中的安全觀念學習：再社會化。
三、鼓勵民眾參加社區活動，建立安全社區。
四、宣傳小成本而有效益的犯罪預防知識。
五、擬定政策協助無法負擔安全保衛的民眾。
六、警政單位與安全產業的社會責任。

關鍵字

安全意識 ； 社會互動 ； 社會秩序

並列摘要

Crime prevention is the ultimate goal of conducting crime research. All actors in the society concern about various problems related to security. All these attitude, perception, thinking, interpretation and behavior related to security concepts are included in the contents of security awareness. This study aimed to understand how general public form their social construct of security awareness and build up a suitable explanation model in order to investigate the structural factor, general public’s confidence in the social order, the interaction process of socialization, the degree of victimization and the relationship between these factors and security awareness.
This study utilized the method of survey and used the telephone numbers of Taipei residents to do sampling of random digital dialing. Through CATI system this study completed 300 valid questionnaires and conducted quantitative statistical analysis on the collected data. The analyzing methods included t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. It was found in the research results that people with the following characteristics had higher level of security awareness: male, middle-age, high level of educational background, high level of socio-economic status, lower level of confidence in social order, more frequent contact with professional staff, information, field of security or crime prevention, and higher level of victimization degree. The factors which had the most influence on people’s security awareness were “educational background” and “socialization process.” Apparently, socio-economic status and the process of social interaction were closely related to people’s perception construct of security awareness.
Therefore, in summary, this study proposed the following suggestions:
1.Strengthening the education functions of family and school.
2.Learning security concepts of daily life: re-socialization.
3.Encouraging general public to join community activities and building up a secure community.
4.Publicizing low-cost and effective knowledge of crime prevention.
5.Drafting policies to assist the people who cannot afford to secure protection.
6.Social responsibilities of police units and security industry.

並列關鍵字

Security Awareness ； Social Interaction ； Social Order.

參考文獻

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