電子業的蓬勃發展促進文明的開發,除帶給人們許多的便利,也讓電子業者有利可圖。而經濟規模、技術基礎、通路、市場佔有率、投資攤提成本、潛在挑戰者,則是影響企業獲利及生存的因素。在環保意識高漲的現在,產業面對的挑戰除以最低成本追求最大利益,導出產品經濟規模,也需考量產品製程對環境的影響。 而今半導體產品的大量生產,雖然生產技術良率不斷提升,產業除了要面對全球化市場需求及科技快速發展產品生命週期與開發時間縮短的挑戰外,更要面對材料短缺、以及廢棄物處理的問題。 本研究係以製造半導體(Semiconductor)及太陽能電池(Solar Cell)之主原料「矽」(Si)於製程中所產生的剩餘材料(下腳料)為研究對象,並應用「物質流」(Material Flow)做作為評估工具。「物質流」係以「投入-產出」之物質平衡觀念及產業關聯性為架構。透過「物質流」分析管控與「再生資源」價值評估,而後採取去物質作用、物質交換、回收、減少廢物等策略,讓可用物質可產生更多循環流動,增加資源利用率,提高生產力。尤其是「循環、回收」,並不需要新技術,即可讓物質逆循環回收再利用,創造新價值,同時又可避免廢棄物污染環境。 藉由本研究「物質流」分析與「再生資源」的價值評估內容,得以促進物質及能量的最佳化處理,一方面讓回收資源循環再利用,創造新價值,降低材料短缺的壓力,另一方面減低環境負擔。對於矽廢棄物處理的問題,除了在技術的改良,也包括法規制度的改進以符合現實需要。
The expanding flourishing of Electron industry not only promotes the development of human civilization and convenient life, but also profits the manufacturers. The influence factors of manufacturer’s profits and survival include business scale, producing techniques, sale channels, market occupancy, cost of sales and latent challeng. As the eco-awareness is generally raised, manufactures have to face the challengers with gaining commercial profits, in consideration of the possible causing pollution of environment. With mass semiconductors being produced, coming along with producing techniques being improved, electron industry, however, still needs to face with the problems of global marketing, technological improvement, contraction of product life cycle and developing period, not to mention more important challenges which are the lack of materials and disposal of waste. This study, tries to analyze and evaluate the waste (ends) silicium (Si) in the semiconductor and solar cell producing process by applying the material flow analysis﹔which is the valuation of material balance between input and product. With the control of Material Flow and valuation of regenerate resource, we can increase the availability of resource, raise profit and avoid or reduce pollution.
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