全職女性之職家衝突對工作投入與工作滿意關係之研究

The relationship between job involvement and job satisfaction of female professionals due to the work-family conflict

劉淑姿(Shu-Tzu Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳銘薰

國立臺北大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

隨著經濟發展、女性教育程度的提升，以及自我肯定與自我實現等觀念，女性就業人數不斷增加。傳統文化對「男主外、女主內」的角色期待，即使在現今的臺灣社會，女性仍被賦予較多的家務責任。女性除了原有的家庭勞務外，還必需面對職場上的要求。因此，工作與家庭間的衝突日益增加。
職家衝突的研究在國外有悠久的歷史，許多研究顯示，職家衝突在工作和家庭會產生負向的影響。當工作對個人越重要時，工作投入的程度也就越大，相對地會使個人犧牲家庭生活，而引起衝突；工作和家庭衝突增加時，工作滿意會降低。工作投入對工作滿意呈現正向顯著影響，因此，如何提升全職女性的工作滿意和對工作的投入，企業經營者應妥善規劃。
本研究樣本為臺灣全職女性，回收有效樣本共138份。希望藉由研究結果提供個人與組織一些重要資訊、因應對策以兼顧工作與家庭，取其平衡點。研究結果顯示：（1）職家衝突會降低其工作投入；（2）職家衝突會降低其工作滿意；（3）全職女性工作投入對工作滿意有正向影響；（4）工作投入對職家衝突與工作滿意間具中介效果。職家衝突對於工作投入和工作滿意是相對應的變項，當職家衝突越高，越容易影響其對工作之投入與滿意；如何使全職女性因應職家衝突，除提升其工作滿意及工作投入，對管理者與全職女性都是相當重要的議題。

關鍵字

職家衝突 ； 工作投入 ； 工作滿意

並列摘要

Economic development coupled with the prevalence of higher education, more women today are joining the job market and leaving behind their traditional roles at home. As the face of the labor market changes, this inter-role conflict has also resulted in a shift of the family paradigm. Families are finding it necessary to redefine its shared set of beliefs, standards and values and their place within society. The aim of this research was to explore the work-family conflict and its effects on the relationship between job involvement and job satisfaction of female professionals.
The work-family conflict has long been studied abroad. Many studies show that work-family conflict has a negative impact on both work and family. As work takes on more importance and job involvement increases, so does sacrifices on family life leading to conflict. When work-family conflicts increase, job satisfaction levels decrease. Job involvement has a direct correlation with job satisfaction, thus raising the job satisfaction and involvement of full-time female professionals should be a top priority for organizations.
The study sample consisted of 138 full-time working women from multiple industries in Taiwan. Our goal is to provide a framework of the work-family relationship for individuals and organizations in the modern environment. The results indicate: 1) work-family conflict has a direct influence on job involvement; 2) work-family conflict has a direct influence on job satisfaction; 3) job involvement of female professionals has a positive correlation with job satisfaction and 4) job involvement does necessarily impact intermediate results of work-family conflict and job satisfaction. Effects of the work-family conflict have a direct impact on job involvement and job satisfaction. This study concludes that the higher the conflict the more influence it has on job involvement and satisfaction. Finding a healthy balance between the work-family relationship will help optimize both job involvement and job satisfaction. The work-family framework is not only a useful tool for organizations but more importantly, an opportunity for female professionals to have both a meaningful career and a fruitful family life.

並列關鍵字

work-family conflict（WFC/FWC） ； job involvement ； job satisfaction

參考文獻

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