廢輪胎處理技術之環境與經濟成本比較研究

The Evaluation of Environmental and Economic Benefit of Recycling Technologies for Used Tires in Taiwan

蔡宏達(Horng-Dar Tasi)

指導教授 ： 張四立

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/自然資源與環境管理研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本研究主要鑑於輪胎製造時具有多樣化的成份存在，進而造成廢輪胎報廢後之各種處理技術，產生對環境及經濟效益的不同衝擊，遂利用生命週期分析比較各種處理技術的效益，其中包含廢輪胎的處理、處理後之二次料市場及衍生廢棄物處理的可行性等階段。
利用生命週期評估軟體Simapro5.0版中之Eco-Indicator 95，評估廢輪胎熱裂解、破碎/磨粉及能源利用等處理模式對環境造成衝擊之情形，在溫室氣體部份，以熱裂解處理製程對其之環境衝擊較高；而在冬季煙霧產生部份則以能源利用之處理製程影響較大；能資源的部份則以熱裂解所耗費的能資源較高。而將環境指標以累積的方式呈現時，則以破碎/磨粉製程而言，重金屬污染、冬季煙霧與能源消耗的情形較為嚴重；能源利用處理製程則是以受酸化及優氧化的污染較大；熱裂解製程則以受酸化、優氧化及冬季煙霧的污染較大。整體而言，以能源利用於此項之衝擊指標較其他兩類製程高。
在經濟成本評估部份，三種廢輪胎處理模式以破碎/磨粉製程的投資效益最低，其次為熱裂解製程，而作為水泥窯的能源利用製程投資成本效益最高。

關鍵字

廢輪胎處理,生命週期評估,破碎/磨粉,熱裂解,能源利用

並列摘要

This study is major in the varied ingredients in tire manufacture that result in different scrap tire treatment techniques and also make different impact in environment and economic benefit. Then we use life cycle analysis to compare the benefit of varied treatment techniques that include the scrap tire treatment, regrind resin market after the treatment and the ability of derived waste treatment.
We use Eco-Indicator 95 from life cycle evaluation software Simapro5.0 edition to evaluate the environmental impact caused by scrap tire pyrolysis, scrap tyre and Tire derived fuel. For greenhouse gases, pyrolysis treatment process causes more impact to environment and Tire derived fuel causes more impact for winter smog producing. For energy resource, pyrolysis causes more energy. By environmental index accumulation, heavy metal pollution, winter smog producing and energy causing are more serious for scrap and energy using process causes more pollution in acidification and eutrophication, and pyrolysis process causes more pollution in acidification, eutrophication and winter smog producing. After all energy using is higher in this impact index than other two process.
In economic evaluation, scrap tyre has the lowest investment benefit of three scrap tire treatment, and the second is pyrolysis process. Energy using has the highest investment cost-benefit concrete kiln.

並列關鍵字

dispose the waste tires, Life Cycle Assessment(LCA), Scrap tyres, Pyrolysis, Tire derived fuel(TDF)

參考文獻

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