矯正機構毒品收容人再犯現象之研究

An Emprical Study on the Reoffending Phenomenon of Incarcerate Drug Addicts in Correctional Institutions

竇忠國(TOU CHUNG KUO)

指導教授 ： 許春金 ； 林育聖

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

論文提要內容：目前我國因「毒品人口」犯罪率偏高，監獄已達人滿為患之情形，且依目前施用「毒品人口」採戒治(各政府醫療處所實施替代療法)取代刑罰，政府要如何有效結合各部門及社會民間團體，對毒品假釋犯再犯率之防止，必須要找出真正原因探討並有效加以防止再犯率，當有效防止「毒品人口」再犯率之成效出現，對國家社會資源、社會安定，厥為必要。由於個人從事刑事工作多年，移送之嫌犯無數，幾乎所移送之嫌犯均前科累累，且以因染有毒品嫌犯再犯率最高，到底係「毒品人口」嫌犯本身人格特質問題或家庭、朋友、環境…等因素，是故引發個人對探討此問題之興趣，此乃研究者研究動機。
本研究主要資料為法務部矯正署新店戒治所收容人為對象(臺灣臺北、士林、新北、宜蘭、基隆、桃園、新竹地方法院檢察署等指揮執行之男性成年受刑人)，對毒品犯罪的現況及再犯因素做為問卷調查樣本數。故本研究所選擇對象，需其受法院審理毒品案件後裁定移送之男性成年受刑人為其一必要條件，以期能借助上述受刑人基本資料所載內容，做為本研究之參考資料。以母群樣本為毒品罪受刑人(群組約303人次樣本)做為量表對象，於之後是否會再犯行為因素，做為問卷調查對象，以法務部矯正署新店戒治所105年04月01日止統計之受刑人為樣本。
本研究主要目的是要以實證分析評估施用毒品罪受刑人再犯因素之研究及其了解施用毒品罪，經由法院量刑結果宣告刑或應執行刑之刑期長短，對成年之施用毒品再犯者次數增加之影響。本研究自變項為：
(一) 個人背景變項(二)個人特質(生理依賴、情緒依賴、認知依賴、低自我控制及家庭特性(家庭結構、成員關係)、(三)社會影響因素(社會環境、同儕影響)，經由毒品受刑人之生活狀況調查表問卷內容為變項條件，探討依變項毒品再犯行為有否相關顯著之研究。
本實證研究結果發現年齡、婚姻、身邊有使用毒品的親戚朋友的人數、生理依賴因素、認知依賴因素、家庭成員因素及同儕影響因素之自變數，對於「毒品再犯行為｣有顯著相關。就此研究結果而言內在的個人背景變項因素可構成再次使用毒品的主要因素。
根據本研究之結果發現，從個人到家庭部份，甚至廣及到社會環境與同儕，皆可能是造成施用毒品罪受刑人再度使用毒品的因素，因此，對於多重的毒品再犯行為原因，可協助給予適當的輔導處遇，如心理輔導、個別諮商、職業技能訓練、戒毒成長團體、毒品減害計畫等，透過多重的處遇治療，強化戒毒意志，協助國人身心重建，俾使施用毒品罪受刑人有效戒癮，遠離毒害環境，降低毒品再犯行為的氾濫問題。
關鍵字：毒品、施用毒品、再犯行為、防制處遇

關鍵字

毒品 ； 施用毒品 ； 再犯行為 ； 防制處遇

並列摘要

Because the "drug population" currently has high crime rates, the jails are overcrowded by prisoners. And there are applying mining physical therapy (including government health premises to an alternative therapy) substituted punishments to the drug population. How to effectively connect government departments and social groups and decrease the recidivism rate of drug-related crime parolees. We must find out the real reason and effectively to prevent recidivism rate getting higher. Effectively preventing recidivism rate of drug population getting higher is important to stop wasting national social resources, and to maintain our society stabilize. Because I am engaged in criminal investigation for many years, I have already transferred numerous suspects, almost all the suspects had numerous criminal record. Moreover, the suspects get drug addiction have the highest recidivism rate. This situation makes me have high interest to start conducting my research. What’s the reason cause this situation? Is that the personalities of the suspects get drug addiction special? Or the problem is happened in their family, friends, environment, and other factors. These questions really makes me feel curious about that, and it is also the motivation of my research.

This study materials are the adult male inmates accommodated in the Xindian Drug Abuser Treatment Center, which are directed from the execution of Taipei, Shihlin, New Taipei, Ilan, Keelung, Taoyuan, Hsinchu District Prosecutors Office. These materials were going to use for studying drug crime current situation and recidivism factors as survey samples. Therefore, the objects of this study need to be adult male inmates transferred by their drug cases after the court sentenced. Then, we could get the basic information of those inmates as a reference of this study. Setting the inmates of drug-related crime as population (The number of people in population is about 303) to be the scale objects, and the questionnaire survey would focus on the factors of reoffended phenomenon on drug-related crime inmates as respondents of this questionnaire. These respondents are the samples of inmates from Xindian Drug Abuser Treatment Center statistic until April 1, 2016.

The main purpose of this study was to use the empirical analysis evacuating the recidivism factors of drug use offense inmates. The other purpose of this study is figuring out the times that adult inmates of drug use crime reoffended will affect by the punishment of drug use offense that the court declare the results of sentencing or the length of execution of sentence.

Independent variables of this study as：

(1) Personal background variables.
(2)Personalities: Physical dependence, emotional dependency, cognitive dependence, low self-control and family characteristics. (Family structure, membership)
(3) Social factors (social environment, peer influence)

Set the life situation survey questionnaire for the condition variables of the drug crime inmates, investigate whether the correlation between the behavior of drug recidivism and dependent variables is significant or not.

Results of this empirical analysis study indicated that independent variables such as age, marriage, the number of drug used relatives and friends around inmates studied by this research, physical dependence, emotional dependency, family membership, and peer influence, are highly related to drug recidivism behavior. From the results above, the main factors of drug use reoffended are comprised of the individually internal background factors.

According to the results of this study we found that, from the individual to the family part, even to the social environment and their peers, are all factors that might contribute drug use offense inmates using drugs again. Therefore, to those multiple reasons of drug recidivism behavior ,we can help give these inmates appropriate counseling, such as psychological counseling, individual counseling, vocational skill training, drug support groups, and drug harm reduction program, etc. Through multiple treatments, strengthen inmates’ will to give up using drug, and help them rebuild their physical and mental in better shape. Finally, we can let those drug use offense inmates effectively beat drug addiction, keep away from the drug harm environment, and reduce the increasing spread of drug recidivism behavior.

Keywords: drugs, drug administration, drug recidivism behavior, prevention treatment

並列關鍵字

drugs, ； drug administration, ； drug recidivism behavior, ； prevention treatment

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