抽樣調查教科書討論之參數變異數估計值公式有分層抽樣、群集抽樣、二階段群集抽樣等,較少提及多階段抽樣程序之參數變異數估計,本研究以中央研究院人文社會科學中心『華人家庭研究計畫』RI1999問卷調查資料,去探討多階段抽樣程序之參數變異數估計,此計畫抽樣方式使用多階段分層群集抽樣,將台灣分成九大區域,接著各區域內以鄉鎮分群,採集群隨機抽樣,抽中的鄉鎮再以村里分群,以集群隨機抽中的村里再抽出受訪者,其參數估計的變異數須符合多階段分群集抽樣方式之參數變異數公式。母體採用1998內政部戶政司鄉鎮市區(或村里)單一年齡人口數。本研究將討論三種群推估母體參數估計式的變異數公式,比較其差異。
In most of the Sampling Survey textbooks, the discussion of variance of estimation only upto stratified sampling, cluster sampling, two-stage cluster sampling, etc.Cochran (1977) provided the formula of variance estimation of unbiased estimator under tow- three-stage sampling procedure. In this study we used the longitudinal data collected by PSFD in 1999 to explore the effect of variance estimations of three estimator under multi-stage sampling procedure.The PSFD data set in 1999, were sampling under 9 stratified areas and each area were sampling by tree-stage cluster sampling design.The population information used the single-age population statistics published by Ministry of the Interior in 1998.