本研究突破過去問題取向的觀點,以「韌性」(resilience)積極正向、能屈能伸的概念,探討女性單親家長歷經逆境的成長與焠鍊。 本研究深度訪談三位女性單親家長的生命故事,從中可看到相似軌跡,研究者發現愛恨糾結下的難以離婚的困境、貧窮、就業、子女教養中分身乏術與孤立無援、缺乏支持的失落感與悲傷負面情緒、過往婚姻中前夫所留下的創傷陰影,皆是她們從雙親轉為單親生活中的打擊與壓力。帶動三位單親媽媽從谷底止跌反彈的重振因素,包括個人特質與環境資源的交織影響,個人特質裡願意獨力承擔家庭責任、積極主動的性格、為生活設立目標的明確行動、苦中作樂的正向樂觀心態,與原生家庭、子女、新親密關係的重新建立;以及環境資源中親人、好友間的愛與支持陪伴、社福系統的資源協助,都增加她們撐出由苦轉為期待與希望之路的韌性。 研究結果顯示,跨越單親幽谷啟發新的能力與人生觀,蛻變出與過往截然不同的生活樣貌,包括更加自我肯定與充滿自信、看重自己才是生命的主軸、轉念詮釋與正向認知、擁有目標與未來導向的生活形式、更願意分享與回饋、放下、理解與原諒。 基於上述研究發現,在文章末尾分別對於女性單親家長、政策規劃者、實務工作者與未來研究提出相關建議。
This research is conducted based on the concept of “resilience” which emphasis on the positive life experience under three single mothers stories. The researcher found that the dilemma between love and hate, the isolate in poverty, unemployment, and bring up children, the lost and sadness emotion, the hurt by failed marriage, were attacked and pressure their life. The reasons of change their life are personality characteristic and environmental resource. In personality characteristic, including willing to afford family responsibility, to take active and positive actions for their life goals, optimistic to confront the difficult, rebuild a new close relationship. In environmental resources, family and friend support, social welfare resource assisted, will help them went through by resilience. As research result, those single mothers developed new capability and view of life; they have more confident and affirmative to be a master in their life, have a positive perspective and clear goals, willing to share, feedback, realize and forgive others. According to the research findings, author gave suggestions about single mother, policy planner, social workers and other researchers in the future.
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