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  • 學位論文

影響臺灣地區男女初婚因素之探討

Investigation on the Changes in Gender Marital Behavior in Taiwan

指導教授 : 徐美
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摘要


由於臺灣男女的初婚年齡平均數與未婚比率逐年增加,反映臺灣男女晚婚與不婚情形越來越嚴重。本研究採用中華民國臺閩地區人口統計與人力資源統計年報,利用加權最小平方法進行迴歸估計,探討影響臺灣地區女性未婚比率變化的因素。估計結果顯示,女性的大學畢業比率、平均月收入比率與受私人雇用比率對女性未婚比率有正面且顯著的影響,對35-39歲女性而言,女性高中職畢業比率對女性未婚比率有負面且顯著的影響。男性經濟變數方面,大學畢業比率與失業率對女性未婚比率有負面且顯著的影響,對35-39歲女性而言,高中職畢業比率對女性未婚比率有顯著且正向關係。 影響臺灣男女初婚因素之探討,採用「華人家庭動態資料庫」資料,建構Cox比例模型以及建立Probit模型分析影響晚婚與不婚之因素,迴歸分析結果顯示,世代變遷會增加男女晚婚與不婚機率,當教育程度越高會增加男性晚婚機率,增加女性晚婚與不婚之機率,男性為藍領階級會減少晚婚機率,男性為白領階級則會減少不婚機率,而女性為白領階級會增加不婚機率,男女收入低於40000元以下會增加男女晚婚與不婚機率。 結論顯示,教育程度、職業階級與目前收入是影響臺灣男女晚婚與不婚的重要因素,而教育程度與職業階級反映初婚的性別差異,對男性而言,較高教育程度與職業階級會傾向早婚,對女性而言,較高的教育程度與職業階級會傾向晚婚與不婚,因此,近年臺灣女性改善自身經濟條件以及提升在勞動市場的地位,不僅是女性晚婚與不婚的關鏈原因,也使得男性晚婚與不婚的情況變得嚴重。

關鍵字

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並列摘要


Recently, the average age at first marriage and proportion of unmarried women are increased in Taiwan. This paper employs Taiwan- Fuchien Demographic Fact Book and Taiwan Area Human Resources Survey Statistics Annual Report during the period of 1978–2007 in order to investigate women’s educational attainment and labor force statue associated with delayed marriage and non-marriage. Our estimation results support that higher educational attainments, average income and labor participation have positive effects on the proportion of unmarried women. Using “Panel Study of Family Dynamics "to explore the factor that influencing the transition to first marriage and how it differs by gender. Our research results indicate that increasing in educational attainment and the status of earnings less than 40,000 NT dollars have significant positive effect on probability of delayed marriage and non-marriage for both men and women. The likelihood of marriage is higher for white- collared men but lower for white-collared women. The findings suggests that earnings, occupation and educational attainments are the important factor to entry into first marriage for both men and women, and the effect of current occupation and educational attainments is different to entry into first marriage by gender.

參考文獻


薛承泰(2003b),「台灣地區人口特質與趨勢:對社會褔利政策的幾個啟示」,國家政策季刊,2:1-22。
王宏仁(1999),「1950年代的台灣階級結構與流動初探」,《台灣社會研究季刊》,36,1-35。
駱明慶(2006),「教育成就的性別與國際通婚」,《經濟論文叢刊》,34,79-115。
Oppenheimer, V. K. (2003),“Cohabiting and Marriage During Young Men’
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被引用紀錄


陳怡婷(2009)。羅東鎮傳統市場及生鮮超市的空間分布與消費認同之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315162846

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