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  • 學位論文

建構我國刑事訴訟指認程序之研究-以美國法制為借鏡

A Study on Establishing the Procedures of Eyewitness Identification-The Approach by U.S. Legal System

指導教授 : 林輝煌
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摘要


就是他!目擊證人的一句證詞往往會是法院定罪的關鍵所在,我們總是對於證人指認給予高度的證據價值。因此,如何有效防治指認錯誤、證人指認程序應如何進行、法院對於指認證據的評價問題,都是本文所關注的議題。本論文可分為三個部分,第一個部分為第一章、第二章,著重於指認證據的基本意涵與證據法上之定位,得出指認證據應屬於證人證言的屬性,而須踐行人證的證據調查程序;第二部分為第三章、第四章,則是聚焦於指認錯誤的成因與防制,了解其成因可知指認本質上的不可靠性並介紹相關的指導原則以為改善,以及透過憲法增修條文的規範防制指認錯誤,以辯護權與正當法律程序為主要防制手段,介紹美國聯邦最高法院的判決,以了解美國法上對於指認證據的看法,不論是指認程序的進行或是指認證據得否作為證據的審查,皆可將其借鏡至我國法制;第三部分為第五章、第六章及第七章,則是介紹我國實務判決上的處理態度,並分析其態樣與適用刑事訴訟規定的可能,以解決指認證據之證據評價的問題,並介紹有關指認程序方面的草案以及可能之立法建議,最後總結之。

並列摘要


“It’s him!”A deposition of an eyewitness usually serves as a crucial factor of court conviction, and we always give high value of evidence to eyewitness identification. Therefore, the thesis pays close attention to issues such as how to effectively reduce false identification, how to proceed eyewitness identification procedures, and how the court evaluates identification evidence. The thesis contains three parts: The first part is Chapter One and Chapter Two, mainly focusing on the basic information of identification evidence and its position on rules of evidence. This part demonstrates that evidence identification belongs to depositions of witnesses, who need to proceed the procedure of investigation in court.The second part is Chapter Three and Chapter Four which focuses on the causes and preventing measures of false identification. Once we understand the causes of false identification, we comprehend it is unreliable in nature and make it ameliorated by introducing "Eyewitness Evidence: A Guide for Law Enforcement". In order to provide suggestions for operation of identification procedures and the examination of identification evidence to the legal system of Taiwan, this part introduces American legal system associated with "Right to Counsel" and "Due Process of Law" concerning the subject of preventing mistaken identification. The third part is Chapter Five, Chapter Six, and Chapter Seven. It introduces opinions of our court and analyzes it in order to apply to The Code of Criminal Procedure and even solves the judgment on identification evidence. In addition, it introduces the drafts and gives suggestions to identification procedures of consultation.

參考文獻


4.林妍汝,<刑事被告受律師協助的憲法權利>,台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文,2005年6月。
11.蔡墩銘,<刑事證據法>,五南出版,1997年12月。
3.民間版刑事訴訟法部分修正草案說明
3.台灣最高法院95年台上字第1172號判決。
7.台灣最高法院95年台上字第5707號判決。

被引用紀錄


黃銘煌(2013)。論指認〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613563048

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