急診室暴力犯罪之研究

The Study of Emergency Department Violence

胡家杰(Jia-Jie Hu)

指導教授 ： 鄭逸哲

國立臺北大學/法律學院/法律學系法律專業組/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本論文之題目為「急診室暴力犯罪之研究」，因此首先在第二章先確定「急診室暴力」之意義範
圍。「急診」一詞在醫學或護理學教科書中被非常頻繁地使用，但卻沒有任何一本醫學或護理學教科
書有對「急診」一詞做出明確定義；而行政院衛生署與中央健康保險局的函令對「急診」的定義也
不一致；從現行法的規範中亦找不到「急診」兩字，而只有緊急醫療救護法的相關規範與急診有關
。基於醫學的複雜性與不確定性，要對「急診」下一明確定義，可說是不可能的工作，因此宜放棄
尋找「急診」之明確定義，扣緊「緊急醫療」的概念，來個案判斷之。而「暴力」的概念，則是包
含「熱暴力」與「冷暴力」。

　　第三章則先確定「急診室暴力」的主體與客體類型，再引用英國、美國、智利、澳洲、中國、
香港與我國的醫療暴力相關統計研究，整理符合本文的「熱暴力」與「冷暴力」定義下具有的各種
類型與態樣，在本章的最後討論各種急診室暴力行為可能違犯的刑法分則規範。

　　第四章則討論急診室暴力犯罪透過侵害不同的個人法益，而可能影響到醫院內的人力與設備，
造成醫療義務一部或全部無法履行，或者降低醫療行為創設一段因果進程，來攔截病人身上原先具
有之傷病因果進程的成功率，因此可能會攻擊到特定人或不特定人的法益，而有公共危險之性質。

　　第五章則說明因應急診室暴力犯罪行為的公共危險性質，立法技術上可以創設危險犯的規定，
並說明創設危險犯構成要件之正當性，與抽象危險犯和具體危險犯的特性後，決定應以何者為宜。

　　第六章則根據前述章節的論點，對有「王貴芬條款」之稱的醫療法第24條與第106條，作出檢
討與批評，並提出修法建議。

關鍵字

急診暴力 ； 醫療暴力 ； 醫療義務 ； 危險犯 ； 公共危險 ； 暴力 ； 急診室暴力 ； 緊急醫療 ； 急診 ； 妨害醫療罪

並列摘要

ABSTRACT

THE STUDY OF EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VIOLENCE
by
HU,JIA-JIE
July 2014

ADVISOR(S)：Dr. CHENG,YAT-CHE
DEPARTMENT：DEPARTMENT OF LAW
MAJOR：CRIMINAL LAW
DEGREE：MASTER OF LAWS

This thesis mainly discusses “emergency department violence”. Firstly, “emergency treatment” and “violence” are defined in chapter II since the definitions of “emergency treatment” and “violence” are unclear. The word “emergency treatment” in Chinese is used very frequently in medical science and nursing textbooks, but none of them defines “emergency treatment” clearly; Ministry of Health and Welfare and National Health Insurance Administration defines “emergency treatment” inconsistently; none of the existing law in force contains the word “emergency treatment” , other than Emergency Medical Services Act. In view of the complexity and uncertainty of medical science, it is impossible to find a unequivocal definition of the word “emergency treatment”, it is more proper to determine “emergency treatment” on an individually basis than to find an unequivocal definition of it.

The subjects and objects of emergency violence are confirmed in the first part of chapter III, types and forms of medical violence are defined and arrangedand according to the study statistics from United Kingdom, United States of America, Republic of Chile, Australia, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. How and Which criminal laws will be violated by these violence behaviors are further discussed in the last part.

Chapter IV illustrates how emergency violence is considered an offense to public safety: On one hand, by interfering with the equipments and the personnels in the hospital, emergency violence can reduce the scope of the duty of medicine; On the other hand, by intercepting the causal relationship the medical personnels made, in which stops the process of preventing further injury and fatality, emergency violence can be an additional threaten to certain or uncertain individuals.

As the emergency violence is considered an offense to public safely. the explanation in chapter V that it is rational to legislate emergency violence as dangerous crime, and it is more appropriate to legislate emergency violence as abstract dangerous crime or concrete dangerous crime.

In the last chapter, concluding all the research, Article 24 and 106 of medical service law are criticized and legislative proposals are suggested.

並列關鍵字

public safty ； Public Menace ； public jeopardy ； dangerous crime ； emergency department violence ； violence ； emergency room violence ； emergency treatment

參考文獻

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