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  • 學位論文

檳榔防制管理機制之探討–以台北市計程車司機為例

A Study of the Managerial Mechanism of Betel-Nuts Prevention System Using Taxi-Driver of Taipei City as An Example

指導教授 : 古永嘉
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摘要


口腔癌是近年來台灣男性增加最快速的一種癌症,「嚼檳榔」是造成國人罹患口腔癌的主要原因。檳榔早已於1985年被世界衛生所組織歸類為「人類致癌物」;1992年國際癌症研究機構 (IARC) 更提出警告:嚼檳榔不但會導致口腔癌,據研究報告顯示也與食道癌、咽喉癌等具相關性。目前雖然國人的嚼檳榔率已經逐年下降,但已往長期嚼檳榔所累積的危害,現正反應於口腔癌人數快速增加的狀況上。所以「拒檳、戒檳」的檳榔危害宣導勢必加強且持續。 本次研究,是採用個人訪問調查法,以370位30至65 歲、設籍台北市的計程車司機、具檳榔或吸菸經驗者為對象取樣,進行問卷調查。問卷內容包括基本人口學資料、嚼食檳榔經驗習慣行為、吸菸經驗習慣行為的調查,並對引發嚼食檳榔習慣的動機因素、造成無法戒斷嚼食檳榔之因素、導致戒除嚼檳榔之因素等,進行相關分析以及卡方檢定。 結果發現 (1) 370位受訪者中,與戒檳與否呈顯著相關的因素包括:嚼檳習慣行為、吸菸經驗、吸菸習慣行為、以及造成嚼食檳榔的起因。(2) 370位受訪者中,受訪時尚未戒除嚼檳榔者145人,其引發嚼檳榔之起因以「工作提神」佔最多數。已戒除嚼檳榔者225人當中,其引發嚼檳榔之起因,卻是以「朋友環境」佔最多數。(3) 145位未戒除嚼檳榔受訪者中,與嚼檳習慣行為呈顯著相關的因素包括:吸菸習慣行為、造成嚼食檳榔的起因、以及目前尚不戒嚼檳榔之因素。繼續嚼檳榔的因素以「工作提神」佔31.7% 為最多數,其次是因為「朋友環境的影響」佔19.3% 為次多。(4) 225位已經戒除嚼檳榔受訪者中,與嚼檳習慣行為呈顯著相關的因素包括:吸菸習慣行為、造成嚼食檳榔的起因、以及導致戒除嚼食檳榔之因素。戒檳原因以「職場形象需要」佔32.0% 為最多數,其次是因為「自己感覺沒興趣了」佔26.2% 為次多。 關鍵字:嚼檳習慣、嚼檳榔起因、不戒嚼檳因素、戒嚼檳原因、卡方檢定

並列摘要


Oral cancer has been one of the leading causes of cancer death in Taiwan. Previous studies revealed that betel-nuts chewing habit was one of the major causes of susceptibility to oral cancer. The government raised campaigns against the betel-nuts chewing habit by promotional activities, but the effect of these campaigns has not been evaluated in Taipei. This study uses the survey of 370(30-65 year-old) taxi drivers who are domiciled in Taipei city, with betel-nuts and smoking experience. The research methods used include correlation analysis and Chi-square test. We found (1) In all 370 respondents, statistically significant was related to factors including betel-nuts chewing behavior, smoking experiences, smoking behavior and the causes of betel-nuts chewing habit. (2) The most common causes of betel-nuts chewing habit are “Refreshing work” for the still chewing group (145 people), and “Friends and environmental impact” for the quitting chewing group (225 people). (3) In the still chewing group, the chewing behavior was significantly related to smoking behavior, the causes of betel-nuts chewing habit and the factors for not-quitting chewing. The factors that influence not to quit chewing are “Refreshing work” accounted for 37.1% of 145- sample, followed by “Friends and environmental impact”, which accounded for 19.3%. (4) In the quitting chewing group, the chewing behavior was significantly related to smoking behavior, the causes of betel-nuts chewing habit and the reasons for quitting chewing. The most commom reasons for quitting chewing were “Workplace image needs” that accounted for 32.0%, and “Felt dis-interesting” that accounted for 26.2%. Key-word:Betel-nuts chewing behavior, Causes of betel-nuts chewing habit, Factors for not-quitting chewing , Reasons for quitting chewing, Chi-square test

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