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  • 學位論文

臺灣各縣市生活品質的探討

The Analysis on Quality of Life of Cities/Counties in Taiwan

指導教授 : 蔡智發
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摘要


對於生活品質(Quality of Life,QOL)的衡量有不同的角度與方式,早期以經濟發展衡量生活品質,之後開始以社會、文化與環境作為衡量生活品質的層面,透過多元層面了解人們在都市的生活狀況與感受,諸多研究生活品質之學者紛紛採取各種變數以提升居住之品質為目標。近十來全球各地受到極端氣候的衝擊引發不少災害問題,這些災害效應將影響部分居民的生活水準與環境品質,臺灣地區的災害經常是因為氣象災害事件所引發,本研究認為天然災害對居民的居住品質考量十分重要,若能在QOL衡量過程中加入災害變數,則可以分析災害對QOL的影響。本研究希望能喚起中央、縣市政府到地方居民重視災害各面向可能對居住環境造成的影響。   在消費者行為分析與特徵價格理論下,配合諸多國內外QOL相關文獻,進而決定生活品質衡量的項目依據,最後選擇12項衡量變數作為QOL指標之衡量變數,利用Stata 11.0計量軟體操作OLS估計,最後計算出理論值,其次以SPSS軟體操作主成分法,分別對有無災害之變數萃取出有解釋力的主成份,再依照PC係數值將各縣市的結果轉換持分數並於以排名。   研究結果顯示,部分縣市實際住宅區價格高於隱含價格,但多數不動產交易價格與實際縣市之居住環境品質差異不大(實際住宅區房價由高至低排名前五名的縣市為台北市、新竹市、台中市、高雄市與台北縣,隱含價格高低排名前五名為台北市、新竹市、高雄市、台中市與桃園縣),住宅區成功交易房價高代表居住意願高,居住意願高反映了此區的高居住生活品質;主成分法中納入災害變數排名較低的縣市為台北市、宜蘭縣、台南縣與花蓮縣,因為台北市、宜蘭縣與花蓮縣受地震次數頻繁的影響,而台南縣、宜蘭縣與花蓮縣則受颱風暴雨的影響。

並列摘要


There are many ways to measure the Quality of Life (QOL). In early days, economic development is the main item to measure QOL. Nowadays, social, cultural, and environmental domains are also used to measure QOL. Many scholars who study in QOL analyze various variables to reach the goal of increasing QOL. Natural disasters strike many places around the world due to the extreme climate change in the recent ten years. Those damages may affect quality of life and environment. For example, Taiwan area has been suffering due to meteorological damages. This study focuses on the climate effect towards QOL. If we can add disasters variables to measure QOL, the impacts of disasters on QOL will be explored. This study hopes to evoke the government and the households in Taiwan to pay much attention to the effect of disasters on QOL.   Based on the consumer behavior analysis and hedonic price method with the related references from Taiwan and other foreign countries, twelve variables are selected as QOL items. Stata 11.0 is used to estimate OSL and calculate the theoretical values. Then SPSS is used to execute the Main Component Analysis with/without disaster variables to abstract the main component. Furthermore, the values of PC are used as the criterion to rank the cities in Taiwan.   The result of the study shows that the actual house price is higher than the implicit price in some cities. However, most actual house prices are very close to the implicit prices. (The cities of the top five actual house prices are Taipei city, Hsinchu city, Taichung city, Kaohsiung city, and Taipei county, and the cities of the top five implicit prices are Taipei city, Hsinchu city, Kaohsiung city, Taichung city, and Taoyuan county). The price of property transaction represents the willingness to live. The high willingness to live shows the high living quality. Some cities such as Taipei city, Ilan county, Tainan county and Hualien county rank lower after considering the disaster variables in Main Component Analysis. Earthquakes affect some cities, such as Taipei city, Ilan county, and Hualien county. Typhoons and rainstorms affect some cities, such as Tainan county, Ilan county, and Hualien county.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


卓政寬(2016)。社會新鮮人特徵工資之研究:以台灣觀光產業為例〔碩士論文,長榮大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0015-1608201617350700

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