高科技產業、國土規劃與國家:以中科后里園區七星農場為例

A study of High-tech industries, Land planning and State – The case of Chisin Farm of Central Taiwan Science Park

黃怡婷(Yi-Ting Huang)

指導教授 ： 廖本全

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/不動產與城鄉環境學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

近年來科學工業園區的設置屢發抗爭，其問題之癥結在於區位選擇的合理與否，因此本研究以統合主義對國家之觀點，配合文獻回顧與深入訪談，先由大時間尺度探討國家如何承接國際機會結構與創造國內機會結構，並藉由國土規劃與高科技產業兩個面向探討國家是否達到統合主義中所應具備的功能。進一步以中科后里園區七星農場為例，以小時間尺度探討七星農場開發案之規劃、審議與後續引發之效應，藉以瞭解規劃之應然與實然，以凸顯國家在兩者間的角色。
研究結果顯示，台灣受限於歷史的演變，產業發展受國際影響極深，由最初單純受到美援影響逐漸轉變為進入國際分工體系中。統治者為爭取其正統性，利用國家統合主義的統治手段強行推動各項建設與產業發展，形成過度重視產業發展的統治方式，而國土規劃則成為回應各階段經濟結構需求的一種途徑。
透過七星農場開發之區位選擇因素分析，可發現係以產業需求為主要考量，但由於其設立在環境敏感地區周遭，而引發許多爭議，審議過程也在顧及廠商設廠時程下，未釐清所有爭議即由行政部門全力動員順利通過，因而引發當地民眾與環保團體不滿，進而產生審議過後聽證會與行政訴訟等更耗費社會成本。
綜言之，台灣雖已脫離威權統治，但在經濟發展上依舊由國家以強力介入手段引導產業發展方向，幫助廠商排除投資障礙，可見台灣在產業發展上仍屬以強制手段進行產業發展的國家統合主義類型。

關鍵字

科學工業園區；國土規劃；國家；中科七星農場

並列摘要

Recently, reasonable location choice triggered frequent protest, during Science Park was established. This study is standing on the point of Corporatism, cooperating to library research and in-depth interview. To discuss the State how to connect the national opportunity structure with domestic opportunity structure, by facing land-planning and high-tech, and to ensure that the function of the State is qualified for Corporatism or not. Then study in the case about the planning, deliberation, and the follow-up effect of Chisin Farm, to understand that how the State do between these two systems.
The result of this research shows that the development of industries in Taiwan was effected upon international, because of the evolution of history. The dominator aims for its legitimacy by state corporatism, to force the boosting of each construction and industrial development. In order to respond the demand of each stage of economy, land-planning finally become a channel to achieve it.
There’s a conclusion that decision maker was depended on the industrial demand as a main point, after analyzing the regional factors used for considering Chisin Farm location. However, local resident and environment group were not satisfied, because this case was in the environmental sensitive area. Moreover, in order to establish on time the deliberation was also passed without discussed any relative issue. Therefore, huge social cost was occurred for holding hearing and administrative accuse.
In brief, although Taiwan had been divorced from authoritarianism, economy development was still forced by the State to lead the way of the industrial development. The State helps manufacturers dispose the investment barriers by forcing in the industrial development It shows that Taiwan is still a state corporatism country.

並列關鍵字

Science Park；land planning； the State； Chisin Farm

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