廢污泥快速減量之研究

The rapid reduction of waste sludge

林威廷(Wei-Ting Lin)

指導教授 ： 蕭明謙

崑山科技大學/工程學院/環境工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

活性污泥法為目前世界上的城市污水最常用的處理方式，其產生之剩餘污泥中，通常含有相當量未穩定化的有機物，如未經妥善的處理，將會對環境造成直接或潛在的污染。為了有效達到污泥處置的最終目標(安定化、減量化、無害化及資源化)，同時提高污泥的資源價值，目前主要以物理、化學、生物三類處理方式來進行研究，探討對污泥處置之影響。
以微波/活性碳/氫氧化鈉快速處理之方式來進行實驗，添加活性碳可在短時間內提高處理溫度，進而解決使用傳統熱處理方式耗時、耗能之問題。實驗結果所示，在微波功率800 W、接觸時間150 s、氫氧化鈉添加量0.25 g/g MLSS及活性碳添加量0.2 g/g MLSS時為最佳條件，可有效破壞微生物細胞並分解污泥，使MLVSS降低，提高SCOD量，最後污泥減量率可達到70.3%，此法與傳統熱處理相較，短時間內可將原本污泥減量率提高約3倍。
以超音波/臭氧快速處理之方式來進行實驗，可將污泥絮體從大分子轉為小分子再轉化成水及二氧化碳，進一步提高處理效率。實驗結果所示，在超音波功率480 W、接觸時間60 min、臭氧劑量0.5 g/g MLSS及處理溫度80 ℃時為最佳條件，可有效破壞污泥絮體並將其分解，使MLVSS降低，提高SCOD量，最後污泥減量率可達到75.3 %。
本研究以物理方式搭配化學方式來對廢污泥進行處理，超音波/臭氧及微波/活性碳/氫氧化鈉與傳統處理方式相比，皆可有效的縮短處理時間，提高減量率，並減少能耗，達到節能減碳的目的。

關鍵字

微波 ； 超音波 ； 污泥減量

並列摘要

Activated sludge process is currently the world most popular treatment of sewage sludge, which produces the sludge, usually contains a considerable amount of organic matter, without the proper treatment, will result in direct or potential environmental Pollution. In order to effectively disposal the sludge of the ultimate goals (stabilization, Abatement, harmlessness and resources), while increasing the sludge of the resource value, to physical, chemical, biological, three types of treatment means to conduct a study , explore the impact of disposasludge .
Microwave / Activated carbon / NaOH way to quickly treatment with the experiment, adding activated carbon could improve the treatment temperature in a short time, and then solve the time-consuming and energy consumption of using conventional heat treatment. The results shown in the microwave power 800 W, exposure time of 150 s, addition of sodium hydroxide 0.25 g / g MLSS and activated carbon dosage 0.2 g / g MLSS is the best conditions, can effectively destroy microbial cells and break down sludge, the MLVSS decreased, SCOD increase the amount. In the final sludge reduction rate reached 70.3 %, compared this method with the conventional heat treatment, a short time the sludge reduction rate can be increased about 3 times.
The ultrasound / ozonation treatment method for quick treatment can be converted to sludge flocs of small molecules from macromolecules converted into H2O and CO2, to further improve efficiency. The results shown in the ultrasound power of 80 %, contact time 60 min, the ozone dose of 0.5 g / g MLSS and the processing temperature of 80 ℃ for the best conditions, can effectively destroy the floc and its decomposition, so that lower MLVSS To improve the amount of SCOD, the last sludge reduction rate reached 75.22 %.
In this study, the way physically with the chemical treatment of waste sludge, ultrasound / ozonation and microwave / Activated carbon / NaOH, compared with the traditional method, can effectively shorten the processing time and improve the reduction rate, to achieve the purpose of energy saving and carbon emission reduction.

並列關鍵字

microwave ； ultrasound ； sludge reduction

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