個人差異對回饋找尋過程影響之研究

A Study of the Influence of Individual Differences on the Feedback-Seeking Process

陳寶如(Pao-Ju Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳怡昌

崑山科技大學/商業管理學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

有鑒於部屬表現的回饋是極具價值的資訊，而主動找尋回饋則是部屬獲得這些資訊的重要機制，目前已有許多實證研究探討個人因素對回饋找尋行為的影響。雖然這些研究都同意找尋回饋背後動機（也就是認知價值及成本）的重要性，並以這些動機來推論研究假設並解釋研究發現，但這些動機很少被直接衡量。
本研究透過劇情法探討個人屬性差異（包括模糊容忍度、自重感、及自我效能）、認知回饋找尋的價值卅成本（如工具價值、印象管理價值、自尊成本、及自我呈現成本）、及回饋找尋意圖間的關聯，並以171位在職二技學生為實證對象。
階層迴歸分析結果顯示，個人屬性差異確實會影響認知回饋找尋價值及成本。另外，個人屬性差異會透過認知回饋的工具價值及認知回饋找尋成本間接影響回饋找尋意圖。最後，研究者對實證結果的理論、管理涵義及後續研究做一些討論與建議。

關鍵字

模糊容忍度 ； 自重感 ； 自我效能 ； 認知價值 ； 認知成本 ； 回饋找尋行為

並列摘要

The feedback of the performance subordinate to a ministry all have a lot of useful and valuable informations, subordinate to a ministry to obtain information,it is an extremely important mechanism to look for and feedback voluntarily. There have been many empirical studies of individual factors that affect feedback-seeking behavior (FSB). However, despite agreement about the importance of motives (i.e. perceived value and costs) underlying feedback seeking, and these motives have been used to support predictions and to explain findings in feedback-seeking studies, they have seldom been measured directly.
The research, adopting a scenario study, explores the linkages among individual differences (including tolerance of ambiguity, self-esteem, and self-efficacy), perceived value and costs of feedback seeking (such as instrumental value, image management value, ego costs, and self-presentation costs), and feedback-seeking intention. One hundred and seventy-one in-service 2-year undergraduates were sampled as subjects.
The result of hierarchical regression analysis shows that individual differences do influence perceived value and costs of feedback seeking. Further, individual differences have indirect effect on feedback-seeking intention through perceived instrumental value of feedback and perceived costs of feedback seeking. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications, and recommendations for future research are presented.

並列關鍵字

Tolerance of Ambiguity ； Self-Esteem ； Self-Efficacy ； Perceived Value ； Perceived Costs ； Feedback-Seeking Behavior

參考文獻

Newstrom, J., Gardner, D. and J. Pierce (1999), “A Neglected Supervisory Role: Building Self-Esteem at Work,” SuperVison, 60 (2), pp.9-12.

Hair, Jr. Joseph F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. and W. C. Black (1995), Multivariate Data Analysis, 3rd ed., N. Y.: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Anseel, F., Lievens, F. and Paul E. Levy (2007), “A Self-motives Perspective on Feedback-seeking Behavior: Linking Organizational Behavior and Social Psychology Research,” International Journal of Management Review, 9(3), pp.211-236.

Ashford, S. J. (1986), “Feedback-Seeking in Individual Adaptation: A Resource Perspective,” Academy of Management Journal, 29 (3), pp.465-487.

Ashford, S. J. and A. S. Tsui (1991), “Self-Regulation for Managerial Effectiveness: The Role of Active Feedback Seeking,” Academy of Management Journal, 34 (2), pp.251-280.