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  • 學位論文

台灣南部自然濕地甲烷釋出係數之研究

Emission Coefficient of Methane for Natural Wetlands in Southern Taiwan

指導教授 : 李志賢
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摘要


本研究係針對台灣南部兩個濕地,進行甲烷釋出係數實測及水質監測,以助於瞭解在不同類型濕地中甲烷釋出之貢獻量。本研究首先篩選兩種不同類型之濕地:四草濕地 (自然海岸濕地)、葫蘆埤濕地 (自然內陸濕地),接著進行實地採集各濕地甲烷釋出濃度及水質檢測,水質項目包含有水溫、溶氧、pH值、硫酸鹽、鹽度、ORP,藉由水質變化討論對甲烷釋出之影響,並進一步計算甲烷釋出係數及其貢獻量。 由2010年3月到2011年5月調查結果顯示,四草濕地甲烷釋出係數為–0.59~0.48 mg/m2/h,平均為0.1 ± 0.3 mg/m2/h、葫蘆埤濕地為–0.02~6.70 mg/m2/h,平均為0.9 ± 1.9 mg/m2/h,甲烷釋出量葫蘆埤濕地明顯高於四草濕地。進一步由水質檢測發現,四草濕地甲烷釋出變化與氣溫、溶氧、硫酸鹽、pH呈現正相關性,與鹽度呈現負相關性,而ORP相關性並不明顯。此結果部分與國內外相關文獻不同,建議進一步探討。而葫蘆埤甲烷釋出變化與氣溫、鹽度、pH、硫酸鹽、ORP呈現正相關性,與溶氧呈現負相關性,溶氧呈現結果與印度南部、泰國、印尼紅樹林等研究文獻相似。結果顯示濕地甲烷氣體之產生受複雜的環境因子所影響,目前本研究僅有一年三個月之採樣數據,尚不足以充分了解濕地甲烷氣體的動態與擴散變化之全貌,建議應建立長期與持續的監測調查。

並列摘要


The study aims to survey methane emission coefficients and monitor water quality of two marshlands in southern Taiwan, for interpreting attributions of methane emission in different types of marshlands. The study started by selecting two distinct types of marshlands: Si-Cao Swamp, a natural coastal marshland and Hu-Lu-Pi Swamp, a natural inland marshland and followed by in-situ sampling of actual methane emission of respective locations together with water quality tests including water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, sulfates, salinity, ORP, etc. Discussions were made on water quality variations that influenced methane emissions. Further calculations were conducted to obtain methane emission coefficient and its contribution. Survey results gathered from March 2010 to May 2011 show that Methane emission coefficient of Si-Cao Swamp is –0.59 ~ 0.48 mg/m2/h, averaging 0.1 ± 0.3 mg/m2/h; that of Hu-Lu-Pi Swamp is –0.02 ~ 6.70 mg/m2/h, averaging 0.9 ± 1.9 mg/m2/h; indicating a significantly higher methane emission in Hu-Lu-Pi Swamp than Si-Cao Swamp. Further water quality tests show that Methane emission in Si-Cao Swamp is positively related to temperature, dissolved oxygen, sulfides and pH value but negatively related to salinity; the ORP relation is insignificant. The results are partly inconsistent with relevant domestic and foreign documents; we suggest further studies to be made. However the Methane emission in Hu-Lu-Pi Swamp is positively related to temperature, salinity, pH value, sulfates and ORP but negatively related to dissolved oxygen. The results in dissolved oxygen are similar to study papers of mangrove in southern India, Thailand and Indonesia. These results show that generation of methane gas in the marshland is affected by complex environment factors; the current study has only gathered samples of 15 months, it is therefore insufficient to thoroughly interpret the entire mechanism of methane gas dynamics and distribution variations in the marshland. We suggest that a sustaining long-term survey shall be established.

參考文獻


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