高效率低污染氣體燃燒器之研究

Study on a High Efficiency and Low Emission Gas Burner

張師豪(Student: Shi-Hao Chang)

指導教授 ： 侯順雄 ； 王松浩

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2009.00026

摘要

本研究目的在於利用一創新設計的內渦漩爐頭，依據 CNS13604 和 CNS13605 進行熱效率及 CO 排放之量測分析，以探討內渦漩火焰之渦漩角、一次空氣量(主要空氣量)、熱輸入、加熱間距以及半封閉式火焰等參數對瓦斯爐燃燒性能的影響。研究整體目標則將完成兩種以上的爐頭設計，並製造出實體，依據 CNS13604 及 CNS13605進行熱效率及 CO 排放量之量測，提升熱效率至 50% (或以上)，並降低 CO 排放至 600 ppm 以下，來達到「節能減碳」和「環保安 全」的兩大目標。
研究中將利用內渦旋式氣體燃燒器，使混合氣噴出時產生切線渦旋的旋轉火焰，探討五種不同渦旋角度設計的爐蓋(爐蓋A、B、C、D 和 E 之渦旋角分別為 0°、15°、25°、35° 和 50°)和半封閉式火焰對瓦斯爐燃燒性能的影響。結果得到不論開放式與半封閉式火焰，熱效率均以渦旋角度為 25° 時最好。而且在同一渦旋角，半封閉式火焰的熱效率都大於開放式火焰。此特性顯示內渦旋和半封閉式火焰都有助於熱效率的提升。此外，不論開放式或半封閉式火焰，CO 均隨著渦旋角增大而降低，亦即 CO 排放的關係為爐蓋 A＞B＞C＞D＞E。同一渦旋角，半封閉式火焰的 CO 排放都低於開放式火焰。然而渦旋角的設計需適宜，否則過大的渦旋角，可能導致二次空氣吸入過多，造成熱損失，而使熱效率降低。

關鍵字

瓦斯爐 ； 爐頭設計 ； 渦旋火焰 ； 熱效率 ； 一氧化碳

並列摘要

The conventionally popular gas burners in Taiwan are of open
combustion flame type, in which a large amount of energy loss with the flue gas occurs, leading to relatively low thermal efficiency. Therefore, a new design of domestic gas burner firing LPG with high efficiency and low emissions of pollutants is of great significance. In this study, we aimed to assess the influence of swirl flow and semi- confined combustion flame on thermal efficiency and CO emissions of the domestic gas burners.
The results showed that the swirling flame burner (Burner C) with a swirl angle of 25° had the highest thermal efficiency. Burner C incorporated with the semi-confined combustion flame yielded a markedly higher thermal efficiency (52.56%) than CNS standards (40%).
With increasing swirl angle, the CO emission decreased owing to the increase of air entrainment. However, when the swirl angle was increased to 50°, the flame and combustion gases were cooled to a greater extent by mixing with ambient air before contacting the loading vessel and thus the temperature gradient for heat transfer was decreased, which led to the decrease of thermal efficiency. With the increase of loading height, the CO emission decreased owing to the reduction of quenching by flame impingement on the load. However, at a high loading height, the flame and combustion gases were cooled to a greater extent by mixing with ambient air before contacting the loading vessel and thus the temperature gradient for heat transfer was decreased, which led to the decrease of thermal efficiency. Additionally, the addition of a shield (named semi-confined combustion flame) achieved a great increase in thermal efficiency and a reduced CO emission.

並列關鍵字

Gas Burner ； Burner Design ； Swirling Flame ； Thermal ； CO Emission

參考文獻

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效率的影響，” 第十四屆技術及職業教育研討會。

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