高速滾珠螺桿熱效應對定位性能研究

Study of Thermal Effect Affecting Positioning Performance in a High Speed Ball-screw

葉承翔(Cheng Siang Ye)

指導教授 ： 魏進忠

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究探討不同預拉條件下，有無螺桿中空油冷對於高速滾珠螺桿因摩擦熱所導致之熱效應，對於內部受力情況與精密定位情形之探討，並分析螺帽表面應變量與滾珠及軌道受力情形，建立應變即時量測系統，量測預拉量對於實機螺帽表面應變量之變化情形，並探討螺帽滾珠內部摩擦所產生的熱源並帶來熱變位效應的影響，並同步與溫度做理論伸長量的計算，再搭配光學尺於實機試驗上做監測精密定位之位移變化量與再現性所達成之情況。

滾珠螺桿精密定位會因本研究對螺帽應變量建立了有限元素分析法更較傳統熱膨脹計算公式更準確。在精密定位與螺桿油冷以及預拉研究中，證明有螺桿油冷可降低定位誤差變動量，此乃因螺帽較螺桿高溫，因此螺帽熱膨脹增加預壓力，提高定位精準度。預拉雖會降低預壓力，但也會抑制熱變位的影響，減少螺桿撓曲度，由預拉的研究顯示預拉有助於達成高速滾珠螺桿精密定位之目標。

關鍵字

預拉 ； 滾珠螺桿 ； 熱變位 ； 光學尺 ； 位移

並列摘要

The thermal deformation effect is brought by the heat which is produced by the nut ball internal friction that is discussed in this research. The different pretension and whether the oil cooling in the screw conditioned the thermal deformation effect that is further discussed. These are used to investigate the internal stress and precise localization situation and to analyze the strain of screw surface and the stressed situation on ball screw and track to establish the real-time strain system. The system measures and observes different pretension to establish of the real-time strain measuring system. The system measures and observes different pretension to make the net surface strain have different changes. Simultaneously, the temperature is calculated by the elongation theory, also optical ruler is tested reality to monitor the range of displacement changes of the precise localization and to reappear situation.

According the research, there are several results that assists to achieve the target that is high-speed ball screw precision positioning. First of all, the ball screw precision positioning establishes the finite element analysis that better than the traditional thermal expansion formula. Secondly, because of the nut hotter than the ball screw, therefore, the ball screw improves the precision positioning when the nut becomes the thermal expansion the oil cooling in the screw reduces the changes of the amount of positioning error. This is proved in the research of the precision position, the oil cooling in the screw and the different pretensions. Lastly, the pretension reduces the preload; inhibits the influence of the thermal deformation and reduces the screw deflection

並列關鍵字

Pretension ； Balls screw ； Thermal deformation ； Optical ruler ； Displacement

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