應用藍幕技術探討遊客在溪頭自然教育公園中步道之動態擁擠感

Applying the Blue Screen Keying Technology to Explore Visitors' Dynamic Crowding Perception on the Xitou Nature Education Area Trail

吳家穎(Jia-Ying Wu)

指導教授 ： 顏宏旭

國立虎尾科技大學/文理學院/休閒遊憩研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2012.00046

摘要

一直以來，擁擠是台灣各主要遊憩區存在的問題，而求取最大承載量是以往研究在追求的目標，但台灣各遊憩區仍舊是處於一個擁擠的狀態，即便求得一個承載數量，亦未必能真正去執行。但如能運用動態的人潮控制來減低人們的擁擠感，或許能在擁擠的狀況下，提供一個較能接受的遊憩體驗品質，這些動態的流量管控應亦能提供許多單位進行遊憩管理時之重要參考依據。為此本研究擬定下列目的：1.運用動態攝影模擬(攝影棚藍幕及後製技術)方式探討遊客在不同的動態流量下的擁擠認知感。2.尋找出不同數量之人群所需空間，用以擬訂不同流量控管方式。
在擁擠模型中，Manning的擁擠模型將重點放在接觸團體次數會影響擁擠知覺，與本研究欲探討因素相符，故本研究以Manning提出的擁擠模型為研究基礎。Manning擁擠模型中的密度(使用度)及本研究中所設定之模擬人數；模型中之遭遇次數，在本研究中以模擬行人之距離與次數；再測得擁擠知覺以及接受程度。在問卷設計上，除了檢測擁擠知覺外，另增加受測者個人特性與遊憩特性面項。
本研究檢測出動態的人群流動可有效的降低擁擠感，並偏好4人團體，間隔8秒(12公尺)的情況；此外，若步道有分道測得2人團體間距至少5.25公尺；5人團體間距至少12公尺；10人團體間距至少30公尺；若步道無分道2人團體間距至少5.55公尺；5人團體間距至少16.5公尺；10人團體間距至少25.5公尺，以上研究結果給予管理單位明確的建議。
未來若在經營管理策略上，以人流控管方式處理擁擠狀況甚至制定預防擁擠策略，本研究提出對於遊客之流量控管的建議，期能達到提升遊客遊憩品質與遊憩區永續經營之效。

關鍵字

動態擁擠感 ； 遭遇次數 ； 藍幕技術

並列摘要

Crowding has been an issue in major recreation areas in Taiwan. The previous studies have focused on getting the maximum carrying capacity. However, those places are still in a crowd situation, even though they know carrying capacity, they still could not implement it. If they can adopt dynamic pedestrian flow control to decrease the feeling of crowding, they may provide better recreation quality for tourists in a crowd situation. Besides, dynamic pedestrian flow control can play as an important index for recreation managerial units.
In Crowding Model, proposed by Manning, it explains that the number of occupants of the setting may influence crowding perception. The factor is consistent with the study. Therefore, based on Crowding Model, the researcher adopts the concept of encounters in Crowding Model to simulate the intervals and numbers of pedestrians; and then measures crowding perception and acceptability. In the questionnaire, this research not only investigates crowding perception, but also analyzes a participant’s socioeconomic background and recreation characteristics.
The results showed that dynamic pedestrian flow can efficiently decrease crowding perception when a group of four with the interval of 12 meters. Besides, if the trail is bidirectional, the acceptable interval for a group of two is at least 5.25 meters; the acceptable interval for a group of five is 12 meters; the acceptable interval for a group of ten is 30 meters; however, if trails are unidirectional, the acceptable interval for a group of two is at least 5.55 meters; the acceptable interval for a group of five is 16.5 meters; the acceptable interval for a group of ten is 25.5 meters. The results of the study provided clear suggestions for the managerial units.
The results of this study recommended that the flow control could provide a better solution for the prevention of crowded situation. For example, in the same time frame, visitors would fell less crowded if the manager could divide the same population of visitors into several small groups. When the group had reached 10 people, it was recommended to adopt one-way trail for higher recreational quality.

並列關鍵字

Crowding ； Flow Control ； Encounter ； Blue Screen Keying Technology

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