農村社區發展生態旅遊指標之建構

農村社區生態旅遊已成為新興的旅遊型態，它是一種強調遊憩的過程中降低當地自然環境系統的衝擊前提下，提供農村社區居民能使環境保育與經濟發展兩者併進的機會，順利達成社區生態旅遊的目標。本研究目的針對台灣農村社區之在地性、應用性、可行性建構社區發展生態旅遊適時適地之指標評估，因此致力於擬定系統化的方式來瞭解社區營造的相關工作，規範社區生態旅遊管理之要素，促進農村社區生態旅遊資源的永續利用，引導農村社區生態旅遊的健康發展，實有其必要性。故回顧國內外之相關文獻，研提社區發展生態旅遊的特性，三項構面分別為生態旅遊服務品質、生活品質及文化保存、社區生態環境維護之架構探討，並列出32項指標因子作為本研究探討之要素，並以層級分析法，擬請專家學者賦予各因素影響權重。研究結果顯示考量農村社區發展生態旅遊，係以社區生態環境維護最為專家學者所重視；據此瞭解影響因素，作為政府及相關單位考量推動生態旅遊一套切實的管理工具。

關鍵字

農村社區；生態旅遊；評估指標；層級分析法

並列摘要

Ecotourism has newly risen among Taiwan rural communities in recent days. It is intended as a low-impact towards the natural environment and provides economic development for local residents upon tourist’s visiting. The purpose of this research is to evaluate indicated variables upon a rural community of its location, exploitation, and feasibility to develop its ecotourism. Therefore, it is necessary to establish one systematic methodology to understand construction and management of its ecotourism so that its natural resource could be protected and exploited perpetually and the rural community tourism could be developed in a healthier direction.Based on the relevant research and documentation about characteristics of ecotourism development in communities, there are three aspects which are service quality of ecotourism, living quality and culture conservation, and protection of eco environment of the community. We list thirty two index variables as key factors in this research for these three aspects and ask scholars and professionals to leverage the effect of each variable through analytic hierarchy process. The result indicates that in development of the ecotourism in a rural community, the protection of eco environment is valued the most. With better understanding of the effects of indices, the Government units could develop more practical managing mechanics to promote and implement the ecotourism.