雙螺帽預壓滾珠螺桿摩擦熱分析及垂直傳動性能研究

Thermal Study of Friction and Vertical Transmission Performance on Double Nut Preloaded Ball-screw

許育翰(Xu-Han Hsu)

指導教授 ： 魏進忠

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2013.00131

摘要

滾珠螺桿為一個精密致動關鍵的元件，然而隨著滾珠螺桿應用需求的逐漸高速化與承受更高的軸向負荷，其元件內部摩擦熱所造成傳動性能的影響也越來越值得探討，摩擦熱導致熱膨脹而使得原件尺寸產生熱變位進一步影響滾珠膨脹軌道之變化情況，也因此螺桿本身發生的熱變位將影響精密傳動性能，大大影響定位精度；為了確保工具機精度之穩定，需從環境溫度的變化、機台熱源發熱、散熱與機台熱變位進行研究分析，才能掌握其基本特性。
本研究藉由滾珠螺桿運動學及有限元素分析，建立螺帽受熱後所發生的熱膨脹與熱分佈情況，再藉由實驗量測到的溫度與應變加以比較驗證，並用各種感測器來量測傳動訊號分析傳動性能影響，而傳動訊號包括著螺桿在不同實驗條件規劃下傳動扭矩的探討以及螺桿軸變形與機台剛性的研究，本研究結果也討論出機台主要熱源為滾珠與螺帽間的摩擦熱，而其摩擦熱所伴隨的溫昇是造成定位、螺桿熱伸長與傳動扭矩變大的主要因素，所以如何避免有效降低溫昇在日後機台設計、校正與定位探討上將為重要因素。

關鍵字

滾珠螺桿 ； 熱膨脹 ； 熱變形 ； 傳動 ； 有限元素分析

並列摘要

Ball screw is a kind of accurate actuation component, but with the applications of ball screw in a high speed and higher axial load conditions, components of a high performance ball screw generate friction heat and cause the variation of transmission properties. The topic is become more important and worth to exploring. Friction heat causes the thermal expansion makes the thermal expansion and affect ball tracks changes their size in circumstances. Therefore, thermal displacement occurring at the screw itself will affect precision transmission performance and positioning accuracy greatly. For ensuring the precision of the stable on a tool machine, the various of ambient temperature, heat generated by heat source of machine table, cooling design and thermal displacement researches are needed in order to dominated its basic features.
Kinematical analysis of ball screw and Finite element analysis were used in the study of thermal expansion and thermal distribution after heat is occurred in nut. Then by experimental measurements of temperature and surface strain to compare the validation and use many different sensors to measure signal of transmission performance for impacting analysis. Transmission signals include the screw planning in different experimental conditions as well as under discussion of transmission torque, screw shaft deformation and rigidity of the machine. Results of this study also discusses the main source of heat for the machine between the ball and the nut frictional heat, and heat of friction is caused by the temperature rise associated with positioning screw thermal expansion becomes large and the transmission torque of the main factors, how to effectively reduce the temperature rise in the future to avoid machine design, calibration and positioning will be important to investigate the factor.

並列關鍵字

Ball Screw ； Thermal Expansion ； Transmission Performance ； Finite Element Analysis

參考文獻

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