廣義光管在照明與顯示系統之應用與探索

在現今的光電產品中，光管與光導管一直是最基本與最重要的元件之ㄧ。有鑑於此，許多具有高傳輸效率或特殊需求的光管陸續被開發設計出來。以往，在照明設計的領域中，最佳化被視為困難的事情。如今拜電腦發達之賜，目前的商用光學軟體已逐漸提供設計者相當多的設計自由度，甚至自動最佳化的功能。然而，一組優良的起始設計或架構是軟體無法提供的。基於對於初始架構了解的需要，因此本論文探討了光線在光管與光導管中的基本行為與傳遞的機制。本論文利用基礎的數學解析，模擬軟體的檢驗，與實際實驗的確認，探索了下列各項光管與光導管的基本特性： (一) 分析朗博光源在長直多邊型光管出口面的照度分布，特別是圓形和五邊型光管的能量集中現象，並包含了中空與折射材質。 (二) 提出兩種光管架構，達到可以保持光學偏振特性並使出光方向偏折任意特定角度的角度偏移器。 (三) 對於應用在超薄投影顯示器的楔形光導板的成像品質作像差分析，並對其特有的暗帶現象提出解決方案。同時將楔形光導板的概念延伸為全新的環場投影顯示器。由本論文的探討，使設計者可以更加了解光管與光導管的基礎特徵，幫助設計者掌握其運作原理，並對於未來照明產品的設計與應用帶來更大的助益。

關鍵字

光管；照明；偏振；顯示；光學設計

並列摘要

In current electro-optical product, light pipe and light guide are most basic and important elements. Thus, many light pipes with high transmission efficiency or special function are designed and developed. Formerly, in illumination design, the optimization was regarded as difficult work. By the development of computer, current commercial optical simulation package has provided the designer more and more design degrees of freedom, even an automatic optimization function. However, a fine initial design or configuration is unable to provide by software. Based on the requirement of regarding initial configuration, thus in this study, we discuss the basic behavior and the transmission mechanism for ray in light pipe and light guide. By mathematical analysis, simulation verification, and experimental confirm, this study explores some fundamental characters of light pipes and light guides: (1) Analysis of irradiance distributions of a Lambertian source in hollow and dielectric-filled straight polygonal light pipes, especially the flux localizations of circular and pentagonal light pipes. (2) Proposing of two kinds of angular shifter which can preserve polarization and providing any desired angular deflection of the transmitted light. (3) Providing aberration analysis for ultra-thin wedge plate display and proposing solutions to reduce dark zone. Also extending the conception of wedge plate light guide to a new circular display. This study can help designers to further understand the fundamental property of light pipe and light guide, and have benefit to the designs and the applications for future illumination products.