技術創新及分散式資本主義之熱力學解析

A Thermodynamic Perspective on Innovation and Distributed Capitalism

沈博仁(Po-Jen Shen)

指導教授 ： 徐作聖

國立交通大學/管理學院/管理學院科技管理學程/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6842/NCTU.2014.00430

摘要

隨著經濟知識日益分岐、分散以及創新導向。尤其是在這資訊氾濫的知識經濟時代，一種以菁英為基礎及橫向協作為主的分散式市場機制，逐漸取代了中央化、集中化的市場機制。
本研究提供了以熱力學觀點下用以解析市場機制所需之必要背景知識以及工具。由熱力學所衍生出的信息理論被使用來作為分析工具，此工具證明在分析特定序列，尤其是時間序列下之變數及信息時是可行的。這些工具及指標可用以評量一個數列的混亂程度，以及兩個以上數列之間的相關程度。
本研究進一步探討的探討在熱力學觀點下之技術創新及分散式資本主義，特別是在龐大市場下多樣性產品及供應之策略服務創新。其中使用兩種不同的統計熱力學情境，即費米和玻色兩個不同的模型。
結果顯示，玻色模型可模擬並代表一個傳統不可區分的市場，也就是較趨近一個靜態、機會均等的中央化、集中化的市場機制。而費米模型則代表一個逐步發展之可區分的市場，較接近一個機率非均等的分散式市場，充滿著機會且有著最高的效率。

關鍵字

統計熱力學 ； 信息理論 ； 分散式資本 ； 熵

並列摘要

Because economic knowledge is increasingly more dispersed, centrifugal, distributed and innovation-driven, an elite-based and lateral collaboration-centric model of distributed market mechanism forecloses the conventional aggregated and centralized market mechanism, particularly, in an era of knowledge economy with information overflows.
This research provides essential background knowledge and tools to analysis markets behavior in thermodynamic perspective. The derived information theory is used as a tool that is proved useful to analyze variables/information in specified series, namely, time series. These tools/metrics can be used to judge randomness of a series information and dependency of two (or more) series information.
The research also explores a thermodynamic perspective on innovation and distributed capitalism, in particular, strategic service innovation with sizable market diversity and supplies. Two different scenarios are employed, namely, Boson, and Fermion models of statistical thermodynamics.
The results exhibit that Boson models represent conventional indistinguishable markets that are close to centralized/aggregated markets in generic static and equally partitioned with chances. In the meanwhile, the Fermion models represented progressive distinguishable markets that are close to distributed markets in non-equiprobable states for maximum effectiveness with full of chances.

並列關鍵字

Statistical Thermodynamics ； Information Theory ； Distributed Capitalism ； Entropy

參考文獻

Jeremy Rifkin (2010). The Empathic Civilization. Jeremy P. Tarcher Inc.

Annila, A. and Salthe, S., Arto; Salthe, Stanley (2009). "Economies evolve by energy dispersal". Entropy 11 (4): 606–633

Ayres, R.U. (1999). The second law, the fourth law, recycling, and limits to growth. Ecological Economics, 29, pp.473-483.

Balescu, R. (1975). Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics. Wiley-Interscience, New York, Section 3.2, pp.64–72.

Burness, H.S., R.G. Cummings, G. Morris and I. Paik (1980). Thermodynamic and economic concepts as related to resource-use policies. Land Economics, 56, pp.1-9.