投資決策的能源生產 Chemosvit Energochem a.s.

Investment Decision for Energy Production in Chemosvit Energochem a.s.

羅易瑋(Luis Alberto Rivera Pedraza)

指導教授 ： 唐瓔璋

國立交通大學/管理學院/企業管理碩士學程/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6842/NCTU.2010.00593

摘要

The recent years of our planet are characterized by the struggle of humankind between the constant onward development and challenges facing its own evolution without devastating the environment inevitable for its existence. Governments, international authorities and corporations dedicate their best endeavor to decelerate and eliminate the destruction we have been causing to our planet in last decades, whereupon, much more effort is manifested to bring the representatives together in order to deliver tangible results to sustain our own environment. These aspirations are reflected in numerous international agreements and country-level regulations, which should motivate the enterprises and individuals at microeconomic level to contribute this global struggle.
This thesis aims to study the recent advancement in regulations and technology research to face the challenges of sustainable environment and green energy sector as a prerequisite for the case analysis, which represents the microeconomic level of such environmental appeal. The subject of this study is a Slovakian enterprise, Chemosvit Energochem a.s., which is the main supplier of energy and heat to the corporation Chemosvit Group a.s. The membership in European Union results in the compliance with European and Slovakian regulations in green energy sector and so generates new impositions for the enterprise in its production process. The need to invest into the new technologies for energy and heat production was recognized in Chemosvit Group a.s. in the late 2006. In the year 2007, several alternatives, as presented below, were evaluated to estimate the most efficient and economical way of electric energy and heat production, from which the most sustainable alternative will be selected in the year 2010 with the consequent investment in 2011.
1. Only Boilers.
2. Boilers Boilers for Biomass.
3. Boilers Geothermal source.
4. Boilers Solar Energy.
5. Cogeneration with Gas Motors.
a. 2 x 1 MW = 2 MW (Two motos of 1 MW)
b. 2 1 MW = 3 MW (1 motor of 2 MW and 1 motor of 1 MW)
c. 2 x 2 MW = 4 MW (2 motors of 2 MW)
d. 2 x 2 1 MW = 5 MW (2 motors of 2MW and 1 of 1 MW)
e. 3 x 2 MW = 6 MW (3 motors of 2 MW)
f. 5 x 2 MW = 10 MW (5 motors of 2 MW)
6. Cogeneration with Gas Turbine.
The alternatives are evaluated in this thesis using the methodology of cash flow and payback method analysis based on various assumptions for the future evolvement of upcoming 8-year period, which are combined in order to deliver more accurate results without significant bias in numerical calculations. The results of this thesis are aimed to help in the investment decision-making process prior of choice of alternative in winter of the year 2010. Their objective is to supply Chemosvit Energochem a.s. with complementary information and data for their decision, which may serve as an alternative source to the company`s own internal processes.
The outcomes of the analysis show that the most sustainable and efficient way of energy and heat production may be delivered through the method of Cogeneration with Gas Motors. Whereupon, further investigation of the most appropriate configuration of the gas motors is performed, which resulted into the conclusion of proposal for the choice 5.3: Cogeneration with Gas Motors in the configuration of 2 motors of 2MW each. Furthermore, considering the environmental challenges our planet is facing and basing on the conclusions from the analysis, recommendations for an additional improvement of energy production are proposed in the ultimate part of this thesis. It is believed that the more efficient saving method of trigeneration: electric energy, heat and cooling production, can significantly contribute to the cost savings of Chemosvit Energochem a.s. reducing so the emissions in our environment and finally protecting our planet.

關鍵字

溫室氣體 ； 排放 ； 綠色能源 ； 太陽能 ； 生物質 ； 水能資源 ； 地熱能源 ； 熱電聯產 ； 三聯產 ； 綠色證書 ； 京都議定書 ； 斯洛伐克能源行業

並列摘要

The recent years of our planet are characterized by the struggle of humankind between the constant onward development and challenges facing its own evolution without devastating the environment inevitable for its existence. Governments, international authorities and corporations dedicate their best endeavor to decelerate and eliminate the destruction we have been causing to our planet in last decades, whereupon, much more effort is manifested to bring the representatives together in order to deliver tangible results to sustain our own environment. These aspirations are reflected in numerous international agreements and country-level regulations, which should motivate the enterprises and individuals at microeconomic level to contribute this global struggle.
This thesis aims to study the recent advancement in regulations and technology research to face the challenges of sustainable environment and green energy sector as a prerequisite for the case analysis, which represents the microeconomic level of such environmental appeal. The subject of this study is a Slovakian enterprise, Chemosvit Energochem a.s., which is the main supplier of energy and heat to the corporation Chemosvit Group a.s. The membership in European Union results in the compliance with European and Slovakian regulations in green energy sector and so generates new impositions for the enterprise in its production process. The need to invest into the new technologies for energy and heat production was recognized in Chemosvit Group a.s. in the late 2006. In the year 2007, several alternatives, as presented below, were evaluated to estimate the most efficient and economical way of electric energy and heat production, from which the most sustainable alternative will be selected in the year 2010 with the consequent investment in 2011.
1. Only Boilers.
2. Boilers Boilers for Biomass.
3. Boilers Geothermal source.
4. Boilers Solar Energy.
5. Cogeneration with Gas Motors.
a. 2 x 1 MW = 2 MW (Two motos of 1 MW)
b. 2 1 MW = 3 MW (1 motor of 2 MW and 1 motor of 1 MW)
c. 2 x 2 MW = 4 MW (2 motors of 2 MW)
d. 2 x 2 1 MW = 5 MW (2 motors of 2MW and 1 of 1 MW)
e. 3 x 2 MW = 6 MW (3 motors of 2 MW)
f. 5 x 2 MW = 10 MW (5 motors of 2 MW)
6. Cogeneration with Gas Turbine.
The alternatives are evaluated in this thesis using the methodology of cash flow and payback method analysis based on various assumptions for the future evolvement of upcoming 8-year period, which are combined in order to deliver more accurate results without significant bias in numerical calculations. The results of this thesis are aimed to help in the investment decision-making process prior of choice of alternative in winter of the year 2010. Their objective is to supply Chemosvit Energochem a.s. with complementary information and data for their decision, which may serve as an alternative source to the company`s own internal processes.
The outcomes of the analysis show that the most sustainable and efficient way of energy and heat production may be delivered through the method of Cogeneration with Gas Motors. Whereupon, further investigation of the most appropriate configuration of the gas motors is performed, which resulted into the conclusion of proposal for the choice 5.3: Cogeneration with Gas Motors in the configuration of 2 motors of 2MW each. Furthermore, considering the environmental challenges our planet is facing and basing on the conclusions from the analysis, recommendations for an additional improvement of energy production are proposed in the ultimate part of this thesis. It is believed that the more efficient saving method of trigeneration: electric energy, heat and cooling production, can significantly contribute to the cost savings of Chemosvit Energochem a.s. reducing so the emissions in our environment and finally protecting our planet.

並列關鍵字

Greenhouse Gases ； Emissions ； Green Energy ； Solar Energy ； Biomass ； Hydraulic Energy ； Geothermal Energy ； Cogeneration ； Trigeneration ； Green Certificates ； Kyoto Protocol ； Slovak Energy Sector

參考文獻

‧ Arora, S., Cason, T. (1995), “An Experiment in Voluntary Environmental Regulation: Participation in EPA’s 33/50 Program”, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Vol 28, 1995.

‧ Bilgen et al.(2004). ”Renewable Energy for a Clean and Sustainable Future”, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and environmental Effects, Vol. 26, No. 12, pp. 1119-1129.

‧ Bull, S. R. (2001) “ Renewable energy today and tomorrow.” Proceedings of the IEEE, 89: 1216-27.

‧ Dermibas, A. (2004). “Potential Applications Of Renewable Sources, Biomass Combustion Problems In Boiler Power Systems And Combustion Related Environmental Issues”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 31, Issue 2, 2005, pp. 171-192.

‧ Fargione, J. (2008). “Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt”, Science Express, February 2008: Vol. 319. no. 5867, pp. 1235 – 1238.