- 學位論文
發展應用於直接甲醇燃料電池之高活性陰極觸媒
Development of High Performance Cathode Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
摘要
燃料電池為一種兼具環保及可使用再生燃料等優點之電能供應裝置，透過電極反應(陽極及陰極)，將燃料之化學能有效地轉化成電能，為一種即時發電的裝置。直接甲醇燃料電池為目前效果最佳且最接近商業化燃料電池之一，由於在低溫操作，必須使用電極觸媒催化燃料及氧化劑來提升效能，目前陰極觸媒的催化效率未達理想之主要原因為觸媒分散不佳、粒徑尺寸偏高及載體性能不佳所造成，因而導致鉑觸媒使用率偏低、成本偏高的情況發生，為改善此問題需由碳載體的改質及觸媒合成方法著手。透過碳改質技術可以大幅的增加碳材表面含氧官能基，提升碳材表面與觸媒前驅體的作用，可以增加貴金屬的分佈及降低活性中心的粒徑，藉以提升觸媒的使用率及效率。此外，在觸媒合成中導入界面活性劑的使用，使鉑金屬顆粒間受到界面活性劑的立體結構障礙作用，達到觸媒良好分散效果。藉由碳改質技術以及界面活性劑兩者的幫助下，使其達到分散佳高活性之觸媒。本研究探討碳載體種類、載體改質方法、觸媒新配方及合成方法對陰極觸媒活性之影響，結果顯示，經由改質碳載體，配合合成方法之篩選可得高於商業活性之新觸媒。
並列摘要
Fuel cell is an electricity supply device that combines environmental protection section and regenerate fuel. It converts chemical energy of the fuel into electricity efficiently through electrodes reaction. Direct methanol fuel cell has the best purpose presently and is close to commercial fuel cell. As a result of low temperature operation, DMFC must use catalyst to catalyze fuels and oxidant in order to improve efficiency. At present the reasons that the catalyst efficiency of cathode catalysts do not achieve the objective are the catalysts being ill-dispersed and large particle size and bad properties of supports. They cause the platinum catalysts utility rate decrease and the cost increase. To improve these problems, we must undertake from modifying the carbon supports and catalyst preparation. In carbon modified it can mainly increase the oxygen functional group on carbon surface and promote the interaction between carbon surface and catalyst precursor. Therefore it increases the noble metal dispersion and decreases the particle size to improve the catalysts utility rate and efficiency. Furthermore, we introduce the surfactant into catalyst preparation and through the electrosteric effect of surfactant, the catalysts can achieve well-dispersed. By the aid of carbon modification and surfactant mediation, the catalysts come to well-dispersed and high activity. In the research we discuss the kinds of carbon support and carbon modification methods and new catalyst formula and catalyst preparation methods about the effect of catalyst activity.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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