微晶纖維素廢料之活性碳熱裂解資源化研究

The hot cracked recycle treatment of activated carbon of microcrystal cellulosic waste material is studied.

林文清(Wen-ching Lin)

指導教授 ： 王鯤生

國立中央大學/工學院/環境工程研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本研究利用化學製藥廠之微晶纖維素賦型劑廢料於裂解爐進行碳化產製活性碳，裂解爐採用氮氣(N2)氣氛與固定升溫時間的操作條件。以碳化溫度、碳化時間與活化溫度、活化時間為實驗變數，藉由元素分析、BET比表面積、孔隙尺寸及分布特性，探討裂解爐的操作條件對微晶纖維素廢料進行活性碳資源化的影響，並提出最佳的碳化條件與活化條件；並藉由活性碳對重金屬（Cu，Pb）之吸附實驗，檢視活性碳之吸附能力。
在碳化實驗方面，活性碳產量介於10.1-14.6％之間，產量與碳化溫度及碳化時間均呈負相關性；碳化溫度、時間與比表面積呈正相關性，於溫度900℃與120min之碳化條件下，活性碳的比表面積達到最大，平均孔隙尺寸介於1.83-1.93nm，孔隙直徑分佈集中於3-400nm之間，微孔佔總孔隙體積達93.3%。在活化實驗方面，產量介於10.2-13.3之間，產量與碳化溫度及碳化時間均呈負相關性，活化溫度、時間與比表面積呈正相關性，平均孔隙尺寸介於1.91-1.96nm，孔隙直徑分佈集中於3-400nm之間，微孔佔總孔隙體積達94.5%；在元素分析方面，裂解前後對C與H會產生較大變化，而S與N則變化較小，C含量隨著裂解溫度升高而降低，但變化幅度不大。本研究最佳的活性碳備製條件為碳化溫度900℃、碳化時間為120min，與活化溫度900℃、活化時間120min。本研究同時利用活性碳吸附模式，預測重金屬吸附程度，結果顯示活性碳對於高濃度之Cu、Pb溶液具有良好之吸附效果，反應時間約只要5min即可得到良好之效果。

關鍵字

孔隙結構 ； 比表面積 ； 活性碳 ； 微晶纖維素 ； 碳化 ； 活化

並列摘要

This research utilizes a little brilliant cellulose composing type pharmaceutical waste material of the chemical pharmaceutical factory to carry on carbonization and produce and make activated carbon in the cracked stove, the cracked stove adopts the nitrogen (N2) The atmosphere, with intensifying the operation condition of time regularly. Turn time into the experiment parameter with carbonization temperature, carbonization time and temperature of activating and livingly, with ultimate analysis, BET than surface area, size of hole and characteristic of distributing, the operation condition of probing into cracked stove is to the influence of carrying on recycle treatment of activated carbon of a little brilliant cellulosic waste material, put forward the best carbonization condition and activate the condition; And to the heavy metal (Cu, Pb) with the activated carbon Absorb it test,look over by activated carbon it last function.
In carbonization experiment, the output lies between 10.1-14.6%, the output and carbonization temperature and carbonization time present and shoulder dependence; Carbonization temperature, time and presenting dependence in the hope of being improved than the surface area are under the carbonization conditions of 900 degrees Centigrade of temperature and 120min, to reach than surface area most heavy activated carbon, average hole size lie between 1.83-1.93nm, hole diameter is it concentrate on 3-400nm to distribute, the capillary accounts for the volume of total hole and is up to 93.3%. In activating the experiment, the output lies between 10.2-13.3, the output and carbonization temperature and carbonization time present and shoulder dependence, activate temperature, time and present dependence in the hope of being improved more than the surface area, average hole size lie between 1.91-1.96nm, hole diameter is it concentrate on 3-400nm to distribute, capillary account for total hole volume up to 94.5%; In ultimate analysis, will produce bigger change to C and H before and after splitting decomposition, but S and N had little change, C and the content is reduced as cracked temperature rises, but it is not high to change the range. So best activated carbon for carbonization of 900 degrees Centigrade in temperature, carbonization time 120min prepared terms, with activating 900 degrees Centigrade of temperature, activating time 120min. This research utilizes activated carbon to absorb the way at the same time, predict the heavy metal absorbs the degree, the result shows the theory way predicts that gets good verification with the experimental analysis one.

並列關鍵字

activation ； carbonation ； Microcrystal celluloseeic ； spectiv surface area ； activated carbon ； pore structure

參考文獻

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〔56〕謝堅銘，「以共製法結合賦形劑之微晶纖維素的特性與功能性研究」，台北醫學院藥學研究所論文（1998）。

〔55〕謝明安，「微晶纖維素之物理性修飾」，台北醫學院藥學研究所論文（1997）。

〔1〕Tanju,Karanfil,“Role of Granular Activated Carbon Surface hemisty on the Adsorption of Organic Compounds”（1999）.

〔2〕Lua,A.C.,and Guo,J.,“Activated carbon prepared from oil palm stone by one-step CO2 activation for gaseous pollutant removal”（2000）.