供應鏈策略應用於營建產業之研究

黃奎智(Kuei-Chih Huang)

指導教授 ： 朱致遠 ； 周建成

國立中央大學/工學院/土木工程學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

營建產業在任何國家的基礎建設中皆扮演相當重要的角色，如何運用有限的施工預算來興建各項設施為各個業者是否獲利之主要關鍵，而隨著供應鏈管理策略在其他產業上成功的案例越來越多，營建產業也運用不同的供應鏈管理策略來複製一些成功案例以有效的控管或是降低各項建案的施工成本，然而營建產業裡的施工成本包含的項目繁多，要有效地降低建造成本必須從施工材料管理方面進行著手，在實務面上營建產業在施工材料的供需多透過人工方式來進行規劃並且依照主管自身的經驗法則來進行施工材料的追加減，但上述方法缺乏系統最佳化分析，往往會產生額外的材料管理成本以及施工動線的凌亂，也有可能造成突發的工安意外，不論是在人事成本或者是材料成本上都產生許多不確定性之因素，實為不必要之浪費。因此本研究運用系統最佳化之觀點，針對單一施工材料之供需狀況來發展適合模式進行相關求解，以提供相關研究及業者作為管理手段或是決策指標工具，進而有效的改善營建產業施工材料供應鏈管理之相關流程。
營建產業相關分析常針對個別流程進行最佳化，隨著產業結構變化以及資訊技術的引進，分析角度應更加多元，以提供給相關業者更全面的管理策略，因此本研究沿用Tserng等人 (2006)所提出的營建業供應商管理庫存(Vendor Managed Inventory, VMI)策略，將其改寫為整數規劃模式並鬆弛部分假設，以分析單一建案單一材料之供應商管理庫存供應鏈管理問題，再將最佳化模式的結果與Tserng等人(2006)所提出的結果互相比較，並且分析兩個模式之間的差異，結果顯示該策略有改善實務現況之潛力以及未來發展應用的空間。

關鍵字

供應鏈管理 ； 供應商管理庫存 ； 整合供應鏈庫存成本模式 ； 營建管理 ； 整數規劃

並列摘要

Construction industry has an important role in any country’s infrastructure. How to utilize limited budget to complete construction projects and make profit is critical to each construction company. The supply chain management strategies have had successful stories in other industries. Construction industry can also use different supply chain management strategies to effectively control or reduce the construction cost of the construction projects. A construction project utilizes many types of resources. If we want to reduce construction costs, we must manage construction materials. In the past, the supply and demand of construction materials in the construction industry are planned through the manual approach or in accordance with the manager’s rule of thumb. However, the method could generate additional administrative costs and the ineffective plans. It might also cause accidents because it lacks of systematic optimization analysis. It would produce uncertain factors and unnecessary waste win personnel costs or the cost of materials. So this study develops a mathematical programming model for the supply and demand planning of a single type of construction material to solve the related problems. The material supply chain management processes for the construction industry can be expected.

In practice, the planning in construction industry treats the different processes independently. As the construction industry structure becomes more complicated and the information technology has been introduced, we want to provide the construction industry another analytical tool. Therefore, we follow Tserng et al. (2006) that proposes the vendor managed inventory (VMI) supply chain strategy for construction industry. We build the model in integer programming for one material of one construction in a single supply chain. Then we compare the difference between our model and Tserng et al. (2006). The results show that VMI supply chain strategy has potential to reduce cost and improve the state-of-the-practice.

並列關鍵字

supply chain management strategy ； vendor managed inventory ； integrated inventory cost information system ； construction management ； integer programming

參考文獻

1. Tserng, H. P., Yin, Y. L., and Li, S. (2006). “Developing a Resource Supply Chain Planning System for Construction Projects.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 132, 393-407.

2. Bernold, L. E. (2008). “Discussion of ‘Developing a Resource Supply Chain Planning System for Construction Projects’ by H. Ping Tserng, Samuel Y. L. Yin, and Sherman Li” ” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 134, 382-384.

3. Tserng, H. P., Yin, Y. L., and Li, S. (2008). “Closure to ‘Developing a Resource Supply Chain Planning System for Construction Projects’ by H. Ping Tserng, Samuel Y. L. Yin, and Sherman Li” ” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 134, 382-384.

7. Yao, Y., Evers, P. T., and Dresner, M. E. (2005). “Supply Chain Integration in Vendor-Managed Inventory.” Decision Support Systems, 43, 663- 674.

8. Cetinkaya, S. and Lee, C. Y. (2000). “Stock Replenishment and Shipment Scheduling for Vendor-Managed-Inventory Systems.” Management Science, 46, 217-232.