龍潭地區茶產業變遷之研究

A Study on the Change of the Tea Industry in Longtan

胡鳳珍(HU-FENG CHEN)

指導教授 ： 周錦宏

國立中央大學/客家學院/客家研究碩士在職專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

龍潭地區茶產業變遷之研究
摘要
清領時期，臺灣陸上交通不發達，內河航運應運而生，龍潭三坑仔居大嵙崁溪上游
位置，臺灣北部內山物產如經往北部輸出，最快速便利的方式即是運用大嵙崁溪河運，
龍潭三坑仔因位居河陸的轉運地位，形成人貨匯集的街市，帶動了北新竹、南桃園物產
的流通，特別是茶葉的輸運。
臺灣的茶產業從19 世紀下半葉開始發展，隨著「福爾摩沙茶」之名，逐步打開外
銷市場，成為臺灣的重要物產，曾與蔗糖、樟腦並列為「臺灣三寶」，深深影響北臺灣
社會經濟的發展。
茶產業向為早期臺灣賺取外匯的主力，更有「北茶南糖」之名，臺灣早期的茶葉產
區主要分佈在臺灣北部區域，以臺北、桃園、新竹、苗栗等丘陵地為主。龍潭的茶園主
要分佈於銅鑼圈一帶，以當時的產量而言，龍潭是主要茶葉產區，年產約25000 公噸左
右，幾達全國十分之一。
早期新竹縣北埔與峨眉的茶農，以人力挑擔方式將毛茶經芎林、關西挑至龍潭、大
溪，再經水路運至大稻埕販售。龍潭位於這條茶葉生產帶與茶路樞紐地帶，以及土壤、
氣候適合茶樹生長，有其發展的優勢與歷史。
對於曾位居北臺灣茶葉產量第二大產區的龍潭，何以不再具影響力？而在重新轉化
的過程中，應以何種方式與特色，重塑地方特色？在全球經濟轉型過程中，能夠延續茶
產業的發展，再建立另一新的趨向與永續。

關鍵字

龍潭 ； 茶產業 ； 客家產業

並列摘要

A Study on the Change of the Tea Industry in Longtan
Abstract
In the Qing Dynasty, the land traffic in Taiwan was underdeveloped, so the inland river
navigation arose. The upper stream of Dakekan River, San Keng Zi, Longtan was where the
commodities were transported from the deep mountains to the north of Taiwan. Dakekan
River was the fastest and most convenient way. San Keng Zi, Longtan, was situated at the
transferring location between the river and the land, so there were streets and markets full of
people and commodities. It played an important role in transporting the commodities of north
Hsinchu and south Taoyuan, especially the transportation of tea.
The tea industry of Taiwan started to develop in the second half of the 19th
The tea industry was the main way to earn foreign money in the early days in Taiwan.
“North Tea and South Sugar” was well-known. The tea-producing regions in the early days of
Taiwan were mainly located in the northern part of Taiwan, especially the hills of Taipei,
Taoyuan, Hsinchu, and Miaoli. The tea plantations of Longtan were around Tong Luo Quan.
In terms of the amount of production, Longtan was the main tea-producing region with the
annual yield of about 25,000 tons, up to one-tenth of that of the whole country.
century. The
“Formosa Tea” gradually became famous in the foreign market. It became the important
commodities in Taiwan and was called “the Treasure of Taiwan” together with cane sugar and
camphor. It had a deep influence on the social and economic development in north Taiwan.
In the early days, the tea farmers at Beipu and Emei carried the raw tea by themselves
through Chiunglin and Guanxi to Longtan and Daxi. Then the tea was transported through the
waterway to Da-Dau-Cheng, where it was sold. Longtan was located at the hub of the tea
production and transportation, and the climate there was also ideal for the tea trees. Therefore,
Longtan had an edge and a history in the tea industry.
Why does Longtan, which used to be the second largest tea-producing region in north
Taiwan, no longer have influence? In the process of transformation, what method and style
should it focus on to reshape the local characteristics? In the global economic transition,
whether it can extend the development of the tea industry and establish and maintain a new
trend will be an important issue.

並列關鍵字

Longtan ； Tea Industry ； Hakka Industry

參考文獻

宋慶財（2008）。屏東縣六堆客家地區觀光休閒產業競爭優勢與發展策略之研究 ─ 資

賴正南（2002）。茶作栽培技術，修訂版。桃園：行政院農業委員會茶業改良場。

范增平（1992）。臺灣茶業發展史。臺北：臺北市茶商業同業公會。

張維安（2007）。臺灣客家企業家的探索。獎助計畫結案報告。臺北：行政院客家委員

朱德蘭（2010）。新修桃園縣志，交通志。桃園：桃園縣政府。