橋梁碰撞實驗與效應研究

鄒宇翔(Yu-Saing Tsou)

指導教授 ： 李姿瑩

國立中央大學/工學院/土木工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究橋梁碰撞實驗為研究目標。在受震後橋梁因碰撞而造成之破壞，目前已有許多相關研究及其成果，然而以往的研究成果均水平橋梁為主，尚未有具坡度橋碰撞效應之研究。實際上，高架橋匝道、高架道路跨越橋、山區地形變化處之橋梁、橋面坡度變化大，甚可達10%。坡度對橋梁碰撞之效應及結構動力之反應，目前仍未有文獻可探討。因此本研究設計小型之具坡度鋼橋模型，進行振動台試驗，並利用SAP2000建立有限元素數值分析模型。試驗結果與數值分析結果相較，驗證模擬碰撞之有限元素分析模型之準確性，確認有限元素模型準確後，利用此分析模型假設碰撞彈簧勁度。結果顯示，地表振幅之增加，地表加速度增加，橋面板位移增加，碰撞力亦增加。碰撞彈簧勁度與碰撞力成正比關係，並隨碰撞力增加而增加之趨勢。每回合碰撞中有數次小碰撞現象，且小碰撞次數隨地表振幅加大而增加，但隨頻率增加而減少。

關鍵字

具坡度橋、碰撞彈簧勁度、簡諧震波、碰撞次數

並列摘要

In this study, the bridge collision experiment as study target. In the failure of the bridge after the earthquake due to the collision caused many related research at present, and its results, however the previous research results are mainly horizontal bridge, no studies with collision effect slope bridge. In fact, the viaduct, viaduct across the ramp bridge, mountainous terrain change at the bridge, the bridge deck slope changes, even up to 10%. The effect of slope on the bridge collision reaction and structure of power, at present there is no literature study. Therefore this research design small with slope steel bridge model, the shaking table test, and use SAP2000 to establish the finite element numerical analysis model. Results compared with the results of numerical analysis, verify the finite element simulation analysis of the collision model accuracy, confirm the accurate finite element model, using this analysis model assumes that the impact spring stiffness. The results showed, increase the ground surface acceleration amplitude, increase, the deck displacement increase, the collision force is increased. Impact spring stiffness proportional to the collision force, collision force and with increasing trend. There are several small collision phenomenon in each round of collision, and the small collision frequency amplitude increases with the surface of the earth, but with the increase of frequency and reduce the.

並列關鍵字

inclined decks, impact spring stiffness, harmonic wave, the number of collisions

參考文獻

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