摘要
本研究完成 FC150 灰口鐵鑄件的物理性質量測與分析,實驗材料為六和機械 提供的 Y 型標準鑄塊與煞車盤;探討灰口鐵物理性質與鐵水澆鑄溫度、溫降、是 否通過流路系統等之間的影響。研究內容包括:(1) 使用 Stead 試劑與熱鹼腐蝕 的方法,根據試片取樣位置綜合比較不同鑄件於不同澆鑄溫度時顯微組織的變化。 (2) 比較不同鑄件的熱性質,包含比熱、熱擴散、熱傳導、熱膨脹係數等。(3) 藉 由超音波檢測法建立不同鑄件的超音波波速、超音波衰減率與共晶胞大小之關 係。 由實驗結果顯示:(1) 灰口鐵的片狀石墨皆隨著澆鑄溫度降低而變長、共晶 胞尺寸隨澆鑄溫度降低而增加。(2) 由金相組織觀察與特徵長度得知,Y 型鑄塊 片墨型態較粗大且片墨比率較少,煞車盤片墨型態較細小且片墨比率較多。(3) 最 佳澆鑄溫度範圍約為 1400°C 至 1420°C 之間。 (4) 兩種鑄件的比熱和熱擴散係 數對於不同溫度的變化趨勢相近。(4) 熱傳導係數受片墨面積分率與型態影響甚 鉅。(5) 超音波衰減率隨著共晶胞尺寸增加而增加。(6) Type A/ Size 2-3 石墨可得 最大的衰減率,並有助於提高煞車盤的制震能。
並列摘要
In this study, the physical properties of gray iron casting (FC150) prepared with various pouring temperatures were measured and comprehensively discussed. Metallography observation was conducted from different sectioning positions. The eutectic cell size and microstructure of gray iron were revealed by Stead reagent and hot alkaline etching methods. The relation between ultrasonic attenuation and eutectic cell size was also included in this study. Thermal properties of different samples from Y-block and brake disc were also compared, including specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity. The average graphite flakes length increased with decreasing pouring temperature. From microstructure observation and characteristic length ratio analysis, samples from brake disc contain more graphite area fraction and the graphite flakes show thinner, finer than those from Y-block samples, which show thicker, slender and less graphite area fraction. Eutectic cell size increased with decreasing pouring temperature, and smaller eutectic cell was obtained from brake disc samples due to its higher cooling rate and more nuclei affected by flowing thorough gating system. The thermal conductivity is clearly affected by area fraction and types of flake graphite. Gray iron with Type A graphite in size of class 2 to 3 obtains maximum attenuation, which is favorable to enhance the damping capacity.
參考文獻
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