台資軟板產業的經營管理策略探討-以U公司為例

中國大陸經濟自2005年起持續發展至今，企業面臨嚴峻的考驗。中國政府大力發展城鄉計畫，中西部政策大力開發的影響，讓原本長三角充足的勞工市場日漸緊縮，更嚴重的問題是台資企業以勞力密集為主，要如何提升自動化作業，避免勞力成本上升侵蝕獲利，以及利用台灣技術的優勢讓企業更穩定成長。因此本論文研究以台資廠及大陸地區為主，除了相關文獻的探討以外，個案集團母公司10年前投資中國大陸的軟板廠，眼光精準的判斷軟板產業未來的趨勢，著重的是低廉的人力成本及挾帶台灣的技術優勢，以及看中未來軟板市場經營的商機，但是經過10年的時間輪轉，在中國大陸的軟板營業額卻是每況愈下，現今應該要檢討過去與現在的差異點，同步擷取10年的軟板經營經驗，修訂經營策略布局全球營運，確保未來具備強大的競爭力。本研究藉由個案公司近年來的營運方式探討導致虧損的因素，以及運用Porter (1980)的五力分析，及Weihrich (1982)的SWOT分析來為個案企業檢視評估，以利於個案公司依自身的條件逐項展開調整，以及後續在中國大陸的經營方向規劃。展望未來，軟板是絕對是流行的明星產業，智慧型行動裝置的普及化帶動軟板產業的需求迅速增加，電子產品消費市場變化快速，輕薄、短小是軟板最大的優勢，本論文研究發現，軟板產業需要專業化技術及自動化設備與製程的導入，有利於發展高階產品及降低對勞動力的依賴，提高獲利率及降低勞力成本，加上穩定的組織文化，可以發展更好的公司經營成長。

關鍵字

軟板；產業環境；經營管理；競爭

並列摘要

The Chinese economy has been developing since 2015. Many enterprises are facing serious challenges. The Chinese government has been committed in developing mid-western rural areas to balance urban and rural areas so the previously strong labor market in Yangtze-River Delta has been constantly shrinking which causing severe problems for the labor-intensive Taiwanese business. Therefore, promoting automated operations to avoid increasing labor costs by taking advantage of advanced technology in Taiwan becomes the means of steadily developing businesses. This essay focuses on Taiwan-funded business in China and reviews related literature. The case study company in this research invested soft board industry in China 10 years ago and precisely predicted that the profit would come from low labor costs and advanced technology from Taiwan. However, 10 years later, the soft board industry in China has been decreasing. In order to keep its strong competitive strength, it is time to review the differences between now and then and revise its strategies in global layout by using the past 10 years experience. This study examines the recent operating mode to look into the subject’s deficit and uses Poter's (1980) five forces analysis and Weihrich’s (1982) SWOT analysis to review the case in order to assist the subject to adjust and plan the future direction in China. Looking to the future, Flexible Printed Circuit is definitely a star industry. The demand for Flexible Printed Circuit industry will be driven by the rapid increase in popularity of smart mobile devices. Due to swift changes in the consumer electronics market, slim and light is the biggest advantage of the soft board industry. This study found that the soft board industry needs specialized technology as well as introducing automation equipment and manufacturing process in order to develop high-end products and reduce dependence on labor which can increase profitability and reduce labor costs. The increased profitability and reduced labor costs plus a stable organizational culture can develop better business growth.