微型、超低功耗無線感測網路控制器設計與硬體實作

Design and Hardware Implementation of a Tiny, Ultra-Low Power WSN Controller

林文弘(WEN-HUNG LIN)

指導教授 ： 陳慶瀚

國立中央大學/資訊電機學院/資訊工程學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

隨著無線網路的快速發展，目前已有相當多的短距離無線傳輸的發展，如RF、Bluetooth、Zigbee等，市面上短距離無線傳輸技術應用的範圍也相當廣泛，但在這些短距離無線通訊技術提升傳輸距離及追求更高傳輸率的同時，如何降低功耗率是一個重要的課題。傳統的WSN系統晶片皆採用泛用型處理器，再以嵌入式軟體實作WSN通訊協定，因此功耗管理僅能在處理器層次和演算法層次上進行，本研究將針對家庭無線感測網路應用，採用精簡的WSN通訊協定，設計並以硬體實作一個超低功耗無線感測網路控制器。此一WSN控制器採用全硬體電路實現，避免使用處理器和軟體堆疊，不但可有效降低系統功耗，同時大幅降低WSN系統的複雜度，使WSN更趨向小尺寸、低成本、低功耗的實用價值。
本論文以MIAT實驗室所研發的硬體設計方法論及MIAT C3X25實驗板作為WSN控制器晶片的驗證平台。此平台以Altera Cyclone III FPGA為核心，搭配Nordic nRF24L01 2.4GHz RF 模組實作超低功耗WSN控制器硬體電路並進行整合驗證。實驗結果所示，相較於傳統的無線資料傳輸，減少傳輸次數、提高傳輸效率並同時達到節省耗電量，我們的WSN控制器展現了精簡、高效率、低功耗的優點

關鍵字

無線感測網路

並列摘要

With the rapidly developing of wireless network, at present there are much more short-range wireless technologies such as RF, Bluetooth, Zigbee and so on in the market, the short-range of wireless network technologies have wide area application, however, while these short-range of wireless communication technologies enhancing the transmission distance and reaching higher transmission rate, how to reduce power consumption is an important issue. Due to the traditional WSN chip used universal translation processor and the embedded software implemented through the WSN communication protocol, the power budget management is only on processor level and algorithm level. In this article we focus on the home wireless sensor network applications which adopted the simple WSN communication protocol and a low-power loss wireless sensor controller. The WSN controller is made by fully hardware electric circuit to avoid using the piling up software on top of controller. It not only can reduce the system power loss efficiency, but also can reduce the system complexity. WSN tends to get smaller size, lower cost and lower-power loss.
This paper is about the methodology of software in MIAT and MIAT C3X25 tests the version for testing WSN Controller chip’s platform according to Altera Cyclone III FPGA. Besides, it arranged to the Nordic nRF24L01 2.4GHz RF and proceeded with conformity confirmation. What I mentioned above, the experimental result is compared with the traditional data transmission that can reduce the number of transmission times, promote the transmission efficiency and save the power consumption. Finally, it is an advantage for our WSN controller that is simple, low power and high efficiency

並列關鍵字

wireless sensor network ； wsn

參考文獻

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