直交軸凹面錐形齒輪對組裝誤差分析與齒面疲勞破壞實驗

Assembly Errors Analysis and Tooth Surface Fatigue Experiment of Concave Conical Gear Pairs on Intersecting Axes

彭敬之(Jinh-Jhih Peng)

指導教授 ： 蔡錫錚

國立中央大學/工學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

錐形齒輪運用在傳動機構上具有加工便利性、組裝多樣性與組裝敏感度低等特性，但是由於其變齒厚的特性，在嚙合的型態上為點接觸的型式，若是運用於重負載的場合容易造成應力過大而破壞。國內外已有多位學者針對此點進行改善的研究，其中一種方式是將錐形齒輪修整為凹面型式以降低接觸應力。傳統的齒線修整路徑為圓弧曲線，亦有提出以不同的二次曲線作為修整路徑，相關研究指出以雙曲線路徑修整為最佳曲線。
本論文延續前人對不同二次曲線路徑修整之凹面錐形齒輪的理論研究，將無修整、圓弧修整與雙曲線修整三種不同型式的正齒輪－錐形齒輪對，以直交軸的嚙合型態進行組裝誤差分析與齒面疲勞負載測試。首先於萬用齒輪嚙合測試機進行組裝誤差分析，比較不同修整型齒輪對之嚙合齒印型態以及在具有角度誤差或偏位誤差時嚙合齒印偏差的型式；接著將齒輪對於自行設計組裝之直交軸齒輪對疲勞破壞測試設備中進行負載測試，比較不同修整型齒輪對在相同的負載條件與運轉圈數下其疲勞破壞狀況的差異。
實驗結果顯示，經齒面修整之齒輪對確實可將嚙合型態由點接觸近似為線接觸的型態，但也容易因組裝誤差而產生齒面的邊緣接觸，在長期運轉下容易在齒面邊緣處造成嚴重的刮傷破壞。

關鍵字

凹面錐形齒輪 ； 齒面疲勞 ； 組裝誤差 ； 點接觸 ； 刮傷 ； 邊緣接觸 ； 近似線接觸

並列摘要

Conical gear has many advantage to be applied in the power transmission such as easy manufacturing, multiple assembly and low assembly sensitivity. Because its tooth thickness varies with the face-width, the contact pattern of a conical gear pair is point contact. Therefore, the flank surface would be failed due to a large contact stress under heavy loading. Some research works have been proposed to solve this problem. One of the methods is flank modification on conical gears to lower the contact stress. The conventional method is applied with a circular path as longitudinal modification path, however some research works have shown that hyperbolic path is better than circular path for flank modification.
The aim of the thesis is to continue a theoretical research of concave conical gear on different quadratic modification path by using experimental method. Spur-conical gear pairs with three different types of flank modification, i.e. non-modified, circular and hyperbolic path, are analyzed in the thesis to explore the influences of assembly errors and tooth surface durability experimentally. First the contact patterns of the different modified gear pairs were measured on a universal single flank testing machine under angular and offset assembly errors. Then their tooth surface fatigue types were observed and recorded by conducting a loaded failure running test on a test rig.
The experimental results show that the contact pattern of the gear pairs with modified flanks would become approximate line contact. However, they tends easily to edge contact due to assembly errors. And serious scuffing failure are also found in the near of the edge of the face-width on a long-term running test.

並列關鍵字

concave conical gear ； assembly errors ； point contact ； tooth surface fatigue ； scuffing ； edge contact ； approximate line contact

參考文獻

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