2012年4月公布,日本延伸大陸礁層的沖之鳥島以北部分申請,獲得聯合國大陸礁層界限委員會批准,不只周邊國家引發抗議聲,尤其是中國。此問題已經成為一個日本和中國之間的嚴重糾紛。 本文亦檢視日本海洋政策中以及聯合國海洋法公約關於沖之鳥島嶼化之政策發展與實行,以及沖之鳥島嶼化所引發國際法中相關島嶼制度的爭議,因而引起亞太地區之相關國家的關注。 對於可能不久將消失於太平洋中的沖之鳥礁,從客觀看來既不適合人人居住,也無獨自的經濟活動,但是日本政府在距離千遠之外、浮出面積亦僅10平方公尺以內的礁岩上,表現出如此積極的態度,投入巨額資金採取各種措施,就是要將沖之鳥營造成符合國際法中的「島嶼」。因此,本文將分析沖之鳥島對於日本的重要性為何,依海洋利益、經濟、外交、戰略等方面,探討日本進行沖之鳥島嶼化時背後的各種考量及意涵。 此外,本文亦檢視日本海洋政策中關於沖之鳥島嶼化之政策發展與實行,以及沖之鳥島嶼化所引發國際法中相關島嶼制度的爭議,因而引起周邊區域之相關國家的關注。內容如下: (一)沖之鳥島在國際法的劃界,日本主要依據為何,將從UNCLOS去做探討分析。 (二)對於聯合國決議讓沖之鳥島劃為日本國土之一,周邊國反應為何。
Japan extends Okinotorishima north of the continental shelf of some of the applications, access to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) approved , in April 2012. So that neighboring countries triggered protests, the issue concerning the surrounding waters of Okinotorishima islands has become a serious dispute between Japan and China. Disputes instigated from the islandization and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) of Okinotorishima, regarded as a potential flash point by relevant states in the Asian-Pacific region, are also inclusive for further discussion. Okinotorishima, protrusions threatened by submersion in the Pacific Ocean as sea level rises, can neither sustain human habitation nor economic life of its own. However, noting that the Government of Japan has poured huge amount of money, resorting to various measures with earnestness to these remote, tiny piece of lands so as to establish them in accordance with the UNCLOS definition of islands, this dissertation analyzes the importance of Okinotorishima to observe Japan’s deliberations in processing the islandization in light of maritime interests, economic concerns, diplomacy and military tactics. Moreover, this research examines Japan’s ocean policy, focusing the development and the implementation of Japan’s policy on the islandization of Okinotorishima. (一)Okinotorishima in the delimitation of international law, the main basis for this, from the UNCLOS About to do to explore. (二)The Okinotorishima designated as one of the Japanese Ministry of Land, the reaction of the neighboring countries.