探討趕工模式下專案排程之研究-以U公司製程開發專案為例

The Study of Project Schedule with Crashing Strategy – As an Example of U Company Process Development Project

吳汶錚(Wen-Cheng Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳明德

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

專案管理手法有助於現今複雜的科技發展，適時的反應公司發展策略是否能夠及時並且在預算內完成使命。但是往往計畫總趕不上變化，我們永遠都再跟時間賽跑，面對突如其來的難題，我們必先有替代方案以降低專案風險。
專案的目的簡化之是在約定時間內完成所設立的目標，但只要其中小項目出差錯，往往牽一髮而動全身，導致整個專案進度落後甚至失敗，此時必要使用趕工策略追回逝去的時間，並隨之產生額外的趕工成本。時間與成本往往是一體兩面的最大難題，該如何在既有的資源受限下，該如何將資源配置最適化，有賴於科學管理手法。
資源受限配置方法，已有許多學者談論解決方案。本研究藉由U公司的製程開發專案，先分析其工作模式的轉變，再假設其工作模式的替換與趕工策略的執行，探討其專案活動中工作細項的最佳化配置與成本分析。發展一套以數學規劃模式為主的計量方法，使專案管理者可以更易於掌控專案進度與控制成本支出。

關鍵字

數學規劃 ； 趕工策略 ； 專案管理

並列摘要

The method of project management is well known and often used for new technology development. It could timely reach goals and control budget which each company sets. Plans can never keep up with changes and time is money. Supplementary and auxiliary plans are often developed to avoid suddenly emergency situations.
The purpose of project is simply defined as achieving a particular goal within planned schedule. In project implementing process, a sudden event occurred might result in huge impact on project’s performance. Once a tiny activity of project went wrong, it could lead to project delay, or even failure. Therefore, in some situations, the crashing strategy may be needed to catch up with schedule for the delayed project as well as to minimize the project cost. Time and cost are always two contradictive objectives and need to be considered simultaneously. Thus, the scientific decision tools are required to deal with the tough trade-off decision issues.
Resource constrained project scheduling problems (or RCPSP) are often addressed by many scholars. In this thesis, the process developing project of U company is studied. The objective is to shorten the makespan of the project with optimal crashing strategy. A mathematical programming model was developed to achieve the goal by considering transformation, substitution, and shortening for the project activity.

並列關鍵字

mathematical programming ； crashing strategy ； project management

參考文獻

1.王裕屏，2005，“變動性單位時間趕工成本下，專案趕工策略數學規劃模式的建立與最佳化求解法的發展”，國立臺北科技大學，商業自動化與管理研究所，碩士論文。

3.周志航，2013，“考慮趕工、替代、里程碑下之專案成本分析”，國立中正大學，企業管理研究所，碩士論文。

2.宋欣財，2003，“專案排程趕工決策模式”，國立成功大學，土木工程學系碩博士班，碩士論文。

2. Fan, S.-L., Sun, K.-S., & Wang, Y.-R. (2012). “GA optimization model for repetitive projects with soft logic. Automation in Construction” Volume 21, pp.253-261.

3. Fan, S. L. and H. P. Tserng, (2006). “Object-oriented scheduling for repetitive projects with soft logics.” Asce- Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 132(1), pp.35-48.