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  • 學位論文

依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕及認同非法手段與青少年偏差行為關係之縱貫性研究

The Effects Attachment, Low Self-control, Deviant Peer and Illegal Means Relationships on Delinquency of Junior Highal School Students: A Longitudinal Study

指導教授 : 楊士隆、董旭英
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摘要


本研究主要在探討依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段與國中學生偏差行為發生之間的相關性,並嘗試建立一個跨時間的模式,有系統地解釋依附關係、自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段與偏差行為發生之影響。本研究以台南市(改制前)七所國民中學七、八、九年級學生為對象,主要則採用分層叢聚隨機抽樣方式,分別於102年10月及103年4月進行二次追縱調查,最後共計21個班級465名國中學生(男234名,女231名;七年級161名,八年級154名,九級150名)。以自編之「青少年生活狀況調查問卷」,採自填問卷調查方式蒐集資料,並以結構方程模式等方式進行分析。研究發現: 1.雖然經由時序的影響,依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段以及青少年偏差行為的個別發展,均呈現穩定的現象。 2.依附關係會透過低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕與認同非法手段之中介效果,而負向的影響青少年偏差行為,確認這一影響歷程主要是透過低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕與認同非法手段的部分中介,且這樣的邏輯關係具有其穩定性。 3.確認低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段的中介效果。 4.依附關係發展中之依附對象與青少年間的各種不同相互依存結合。 5.由跨時間之直接效果分析,以接觸偏差同儕與青少年偏差行為之關係最高,其次為低自我控制,第三為依附關係,以認同非法手段之關聯性最低。 6.依附關係的持續性、穩定性效應。 7.少年時期的行為取向,成為預測未來個人生活適應的重要指標。 8.青少年自我控制能力之發展過程並非是一簡單線性的增加趨勢,低自我控制與接觸偏差同儕的關係是一互相影響的變動歷程。 9.確認接觸偏差同儕與偏差行為的關係,係一種偏差循環。 爰據以建議強化依附關係對低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段的影響;建立以「信任感」及「正面回應孩子」為核心的依附關係;教師應多使用綜合溝通管道與學生溝通,加強師生間的情感依附關係;在校園裡建立一種正確的是非觀念,及良好的校園誠信文化。

並列摘要


Drawing upon the social control theory, low self-control theory, social learning theory and differential opportunity theory, this study tried to find how attachment, low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means would influence juvenile delinquency. Sample of the study consisted of 465 junior high school students from Tainan City by a random stratified-cluster sampling. Structure equation modeling was used to test the model. The results of this study found that: (1)although by the impact of timing, attachment, low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means of individual development, showed a stable phenomenon; (2) as the indirect effects analysis showed, low self-control, association with deviant peers and illegal means were the mediators for the relationship between attachment and juvenile delinquency; (3) confirm low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means mediating effects; (4) attachment developing with a variety of different interdependence between the combination; (5) the direct effect of time-span analysis, relationship between deviant peer exposure and adolescent deviant behaviors of the highest, followed by low self-control, the third for the attachment, illegal means the lowest; (6) the sustainability and stability of attachment effect; (7) the juvenile period of orientation, individual adaptation to life as an important guide to predict the future; (8) adolescence's self-control of the development process is not a simple linear trend, low self-control and exposure to deviant peer relationship is a mutual influence process of change. (9) recognizes the relationship between deviant peer and delinquency is a deviation cycle. Based on the research results, several suggestions for guidance and further studies were also provided.

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