高齡者生命故事與自我認同歷程之研究–Erikson心理社會發展觀點之應用

A Study on the Life Story and Self-identification Course of the Elderly – Applied with Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory

葉宏玲(Hung-Ling Yeh)

指導教授 ： 胡夢鯨

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育系高齡者教育研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究旨在應用Erikson心理社會發展觀點探討高齡者生命故事與自我認同歷程，以三位高齡者為研究對象，主要透過質性研究的方法，採半結構式的訪談，將訪談內容資料整理為逐字稿後進行資料分析與整理歸納。首先呈現高齡者的生命故事，再應用Erikson心理社會發展觀點分析其生命故事中之重要事件，最後以此闡釋其自我認同歷程。
研究結果如下:

一、高齡者的生命故事中展現了不同階段的生命經驗與人生智慧。
高齡者藉由回顧自己的生命故事，重新詮釋與體會生命回顧的重要性，進而在人生的不同階段中加以省思，以展現
出個體獨特的人生智慧，經由重新審視、重新詮釋以賦予生命故事不同的看法與意義。

二、高齡者的生命故事可應用Erikson心理社會發展理論加以詮釋。
藉由老年期的重新回顧，探索生命故事中每個階段的生命歷程與個體之轉變，應用Erikson心理社會發展理論的綜
觀性特點，可以較為全面性的呈現出個體的生命故事與人生不同階段之流轉。

三、生命故事中的重要事件與重新詮釋有助高齡者的自我認同歷程。
高齡者藉由生命故事的回顧與自我統整的過程，有助於重新回顧並且再體驗、協調個體獨特的發展任務，茲有助於
高齡者與相關研究者了解其自我認同之歷程，以期達到人生後半期的個人成長與自我實現。

根據上述研究結果提出相關建議，提供高齡者與高齡教育研究者參考。

關鍵字

自我認同 ； 生命故事 ； 高齡者

並列摘要

This study aims at probing into the life story and the course of self-identification of the elderly with the application of Erikson’t psychosocial developmental theory. Through qualitative research approach, three elders, subjects of this study, were interviewed with semi-structured interview questionnaires. By analysing the transcribed interviews, the study first presents the elders’ life stories. Secondly, Erikson’t psychosocial developmental theory is applied on the analysis of important events in these elders’ life stories. Finally, the courses of their self-identification are elabotated.
The study results are as follows:
I. The elders’ life stories reveal life experiences and wisdom in different life phases.
The elders, by recollecting their own stories, reinterpretate their own lives and understand the significance of life review. Life review enables the eldly to ponder upon different phases of life and their individually unique life wisdom is thus shown. Life review and reinterpretation grant different perspectives and meanings to the elderly’s life story.

II. Erikson’t psychosocial developmental theory can be applied on the interpretation of the elderly’s life story.
Reviewing life in their old age, the eldly get to explore their life courses as well as their changes in different phases. The application of Erikson’s comprehensive theory helps to display an overall picture of an individual’s life story and the transitions between different phases.

III. Review and reinterpretation of important life events helps the elders develop their self-identification courses.
Through life story review and the process of self-integrity, the elders are able to review, experience, and coordinate their idividually unique developmental task. This may help the elderly and related researchers to understand the elderly’s self-identification course.

With the above study results as basis, this study hopes to provide advices for reference of the elderly and senior education researchers.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； life story ； self-identification

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